Palliative operations for pancreatic cancer in the hospitals of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs from 1987 to 1991

Laparoscopic gatrojejunostomy for palliation of gastric outlet obstruction in unresectable gastric cancer

“…Although OGJ provides very satisfactory results, it carries the risk and discomfort of a laparotomy, and has been associated with delayed gastric emptying in up to 16% of patients [9]. The morbidity is approximately 25%, with an 8% reintervention rate, and the mortality ranges between 8% and 17% [9,25]. It is known that in cases of incomplete stenosis, gastric movement toward the distal part of the stomach is maintained, and ingested food is retained in the antrum despite a patent GJ.…”

Simultaneous laparoscopic biliary and retrocolic gastric bypass in patients with unresectable carcinoma of the pancreas

“…Some authors have found a lower operative mortality rate and a slightly greater incidence of subjective clinical improvement of jaundice after cholecystojejunostomy when compared with choledocal drainage [9,11]. However, care must be taken to assure adequate decompression through the cystic duct even though the gallbladder may be distended [6,12]. Therefore, cholangiography through the gallbladder is mandatory to exclude the invasion of the cystic junction by the tumor, in these circumstances creating a contraindication for cholecystojejunostomy.…”

Laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy and endoscopic biliary stent placement for palliation of incurable gastric outlet obstruction with cholestasis

“…The only therapeutic objective is rapid relief from symptoms with as little interference with the quality of life as possible. In the last decades, surgical palliation with bilioenteric bypass and gastroenterostomy has been the method of choice for patients presenting with both symptoms [3,14,27].…”