2011
DOI: 10.1021/ja201743j
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Palladium-Catalyzed Cyanomethylation of Aryl Halides through Domino Suzuki Coupling–Isoxazole Fragmentation

Abstract: A one-pot protocol for the cyanomethylation of aryl halides through a palladium-catalyzed reaction with isoxazole-4-boronic acid pinacol ester was developed. Mechanistically, the reaction proceeds through (1) Suzuki coupling, (2) base-induced fragmentation, and (3) deformylation as shown by characterization of all postulated intermediates. Under optimized conditions (PdCl(2)dppf, KF, DMSO/H(2)O, 130 °C) a broad spectrum of aryl bromides could be converted into arylacetonitriles with up to 88% yield.

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Cited by 101 publications
(59 citation statements)
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“…In recent years, following the development of the cyanomethylation strategy, a series of cyanomethylation agents have been exploited for use in this method. Cyanomethylation agents include acetonitrile and acetonitrile derivatives,3 trimethylsilylacetonitrile (TMSAN),4 halideacetonitrile,5 and isoxazole,2b, 6 which provide new possibilities for the introduction of cyano groups into organic compounds. However, these methods still suffer from some inherentlimitations, such as harsh conditions or a narrow scope of substrates.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In recent years, following the development of the cyanomethylation strategy, a series of cyanomethylation agents have been exploited for use in this method. Cyanomethylation agents include acetonitrile and acetonitrile derivatives,3 trimethylsilylacetonitrile (TMSAN),4 halideacetonitrile,5 and isoxazole,2b, 6 which provide new possibilities for the introduction of cyano groups into organic compounds. However, these methods still suffer from some inherentlimitations, such as harsh conditions or a narrow scope of substrates.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[65] Kürzlich beschrieben Liu und Mitarbeiter die effiziente Synthese von b-Ketonitrilen durch eine Kupfer-katalysierte aerobe oxidative Kupplung von aromatischen Alkoholen und Acetonitril (Schema 39). Die Palladium-katalysierte Suzuki-Kupplung im Eintopfverfahren von Isoxazolyl-4-boronsäurepinacolestern und Arylhalogeniden gefolgt von einer baseninduzierten Isoxazolfragmentierung ergibt nach einem Retro-Claisen-Prozessd es resultierenden a-Formylnitrils in guten Ausbeuten die entsprechenden Arylacetonitrile (Schema 38).…”
Section: Verschiedene Katalytische Cyanoalkylierungenunclassified
“…Die Palladium-katalysierte Suzuki-Kupplung im Eintopfverfahren von Isoxazolyl-4-boronsäurepinacolestern und Arylhalogeniden gefolgt von einer baseninduzierten Isoxazolfragmentierung ergibt nach einem Retro-Claisen-Prozessd es resultierenden a-Formylnitrils in guten Ausbeuten die entsprechenden Arylacetonitrile (Schema 38). [65] Kürzlich beschrieben Liu und Mitarbeiter die effiziente Synthese von b-Ketonitrilen durch eine Kupfer-katalysierte aerobe oxidative Kupplung von aromatischen Alkoholen und Acetonitril (Schema 39). [66] Das katalytische Verfahren ist generell auf eine Vielzahl an Benzylalkoholen anwendbar, und nur diejenigen mit stark elektronenziehenden Substituenten (NO 2 )s ind unreaktiv.D ie Autoren schlagen den in Schema 39 bumrissenen Mechanismus vor,der hauptsächlich darauf beruht, dass in Abwesenheit von molekularem Sau- In einer ähnlichen Transformation fçrdert der Osmiumkomplex 48 (Schema 40) die Alkylierung von Acetonitrilen über reversiblen Wasserstofftransfer.…”
Section: Verschiedene Katalytische Cyanoalkylierungenunclassified
“…Therefore,w ed ecided to employ another strategy towards the 2H-azirine ring:a[ 1,3] sigmatropic rearrangement of isoxazoles. [11,12] We envisioned that an enantioselective transformation would be possible by using ac ombination of ac hiral transition-metal catalyst and isoxazoles [13] with both an achiral planar ring and am etal-coordination site.W e herein report ar hodium-catalyzed asymmetric ring contraction of isoxazoles as an ovel enantioselective method for the synthesis of 2H-azirines with tetrasubstituted stereocenters (Scheme 2b).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%