Palladium acetate immobilized in a hierarchical MFI zeolite-supported ionic liquid: a highly active and recyclable catalyst for Suzuki reaction in water

Multi‐Layered, Covalently Supported Ionic Liquid Phase (mlc‐SILP) as Highly Cross‐Linked Support for Recyclable Palladium Catalysts for the Suzuki Reaction in Aqueous Medium

“…A carbon atom close to an Si atom resonates at 12 ppm. More importantly, there is no evidence of signals around 110 ppm, indicative of presence of the vinyl moiety (see 13 C NMR spectrum of salt 2). This finding could be ascribed to the almost total polymerization of salt 2 which does not leave "pendant" vinyl groups.…”

“…In Figure 2 are depicted 13 C MAS NMR spectra of materials SiO 2 -2 and SBA-15-2, respectively. From these NMR spectra it is possible to confirm the anchorage/polymerization of the imidazolium salt 2 on both supports to afford materials SiO 2 -2 and SBA-15-2.…”

“…[13,15,16,20b] The palladium loading is usually in the range 0.1-6 wt%. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Only in the case of colloidal poly-imidazolium salts, does the palladium loading reach high values (up to 21 wt%). [21] Another aspect that should be considered is the amount (mol%) of palladium employed which can range from 0.01-0.5 mol% [12a-d,13,15,20] to 1-5 mol%.…”

“…[11] In order to obtain easily recoverable palladium catalysts for Suzuki coupling reactions, several SILP-based materials have been prepared. Then, ionic liquid frameworks have been obtained using ordered mesoporous silica, [12] zeolite, [13] spherical silica nanoparticles, [14] nanosilica dendrimer, [15] diethylaminopropylated alumina, [16] polystyrene, [17] polystyrene-PEG, [18] carbon nanotubes, [19] magnetic nanoparticles [20] and colloidal polyimidazolium salts. [21] Except for the latter case, an inert support is used and the loading of ionic liquid framework, present as a covalently attached monolayer, is not high.…”

Dehydrogenation of Propane to Propylene over Ga2O3Supported on Mesoporous HZSM‐5 in the Presence of CO2

“…20 This novel zeolite has been proved to exhibit better activity and higher resistance to deactivation as compared with conventional ZSM-5 in some reactions due to its hierarchical structure, which improves the mass transfer process during the reactions. [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] This advantage may also play a part in dehydrogenation of propane.…”