“…Apart from the 1960 earthquake, historical records document three significant megathrust earthquakes in south-central Chile with magnitudes exceeding 7.5, in AD 1575, 1737, and 1837 ( Figure 1a) (Lomnitz, 2004). Our current knowledge of prehistorical events is based on a compilation of sedimentary records covering the last 5,500 years with a focus on the last millennium, including coastal evidence for coseismic elevation changes and tsunamis (e.g., Cisternas et al, 2005;Ely et al, 2014;Garrett et al, 2015;Kempf et al, 2017Kempf et al, , 2020 and subaqueous turbidites in lakes and fjords (Moernaut et al, 2014(Moernaut et al, , 2018St-Onge et al, 2012). Although there are local differences between these records in terms of the number of recorded earthquakes and their recurrence intervals, they all point to a variable rupture mode along the Valdivia segment (Cisternas, Garrett, et al, 2017;Moernaut et al, 2014) including local, single-asperity ruptures with M w generally around 7-8 as well as multiasperity ruptures affecting large portions (>300 km) of the segment and reaching an M w of 8.6 or higher (Moernaut et al, 2018).…”