Paleoenvironmental interpretation based on macro- and microstructure analysis of Pleistocene slope covers: A case study from the Miechów Upland, Poland

Pawelec, Halina; Drewnik, Marek; Żyła, Marcin

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.12.012

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…Pedogenic features may occur in these deposits in the form of ferruginous nodules with sharp boundaries and fragments of clay coatings or single peds (cf. Mücher et al, 1981;Van Vliet-Lanoë, 1985;Pawelec et al, 2015). Solifluction involves both frost action and soil processes (mainly illuviation), synchronised with a very slow downslope movement of unconsolidated sediment (1 m a year at most, Matsuoka, 2001).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Macro‐ and Micromorphologic Interpretation of Relict Periglacial Slope Deposits from the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland

Pawelec

Ludwikowska-Kędzia

2015

Permafrost & Periglacial

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Relict periglacial slope cover deposits in the Holy Cross Mountains of Poland are composed of material derived from bedrock, loess and sand of polygenic origin. The aim of this study was to interpret the processes that deposited three massive coarse‐grained diamictons near the base of gentle hillslopes. Based on macroscopic and microscopic sedimentological analyses, the diamictons are attributed to deposition by three processes – active‐layer detachment, solifluction and high‐energy overland flow – due to climatic and geomorphologic factors. The use of microscopic analysis revealed the detailed texture and structure of these deposits, and was particularly important in interpreting fine‐grained sediments produced by low‐energy overland flow. This technique served as the basis for the differentiation of solifluction deposits and high‐density flow deposits. The active‐layer detachment deposit (adjacent to the slip plane) was characterised by a heterogenous texture and breccia‐type structure with domains and clasts oriented parallel to the slope. The deposit included erosional surfaces and individual slip planes. The solifluction deposit was a clayey diamicton with a banded structure oriented parallel to the slope. The low‐energy overland flow deposit was laminated and sorted with laminae oriented parallel to the slope. The high‐energy overland flow deposit was a homogeneous and massive diamicton with a silty/sandy matrix and randomly oriented clasts and grains. The following characteristics helped identify the sediment type: the degree of homogenisation, texture, sedimentary structure and fabric. Features including plasmic fabric, deformation structures and microporosity played an additional role in identifying the studied deposits. In relict slope deposits, these features may be formed as a result of depositional or postdepositional processes. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is recorded in the form of slope sediment profiles along with fossil soil horizons (e.g. Pawelec et al, 2015).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macro‐ and Micromorphologic Interpretation of Relict Periglacial Slope Deposits from the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland

Pawelec

Ludwikowska-Kędzia

2015

Permafrost & Periglacial

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“…Cryogenic wedges are common deformation structures within permafrost, and have been reported from the Grubbenvorts, southern Netherlands (Vandenberghe, 1992); Tuktoyaktuk Coastlands, western Arctic Canada (Murton, 2001), Inner Mongolia, China (Vandenberghe et al, 2004); the Landes region, southwestern France (Bertran et al, 2010); the Miechów Upland, Poland (Pawelec et al, 2015) and the Yilijiqi-Wuma River in the northern Da Xing'anling Mountains, Northeast China (Jin et al, 2016). According to their different filling materials, cryogenic wedge structures can be further divided into ice wedge and primary gravel, sand or soil wedge (Jin et al, 2016).…”

Section: Cryogenic Wedgesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Typical Soft–Sediment Deformation Structures Induced by Freeze/Thaw Cycles: A Case Study of Quaternary Alluvial Deposits in the Northern Qiangtang Basin, Tibetan Plateau

Zhong

Jiang

et al. 2020

Acta Geologica Sinica (Eng)

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With the objective of establishing a distinction between deformation structures caused by freeze/thaw cycles and those resulting from seismic activity, we studied three well–exposed alluvial deposits in a section at Dogai Coring, northern Qiangtang Basin, Tibetan Plateau. Deformation is present in the form of plastic structures (diapirs, folds and clastic dykes), brittle structures (micro–faults) and cryogenic wedges. These soft–sediment deformation features (except the micro–faults) are mainly characterized by meter–scale, non–interlayered, low–speed and low–pressure displacements within soft sediments, most commonly in the form of plastic deformation. Taking into account the geographic setting, lithology and deformation features, we interpret these soft–sediment deformation features as the products of freeze/thaw cycles, rather than of earthquake–induced shock waves, thus reflecting regional temperature changes and fluctuations of hydrothermal conditions in the uppermost sediments. The micro–faults (close to linear hot springs) are ascribed to regional fault activity; however, we were unable to identify the nature of the micro–faults, perhaps due to disturbance by subsequent freeze/thaw cycles. This study may serve as a guide to recognizing the differences between deformation structures attributed to freeze/thaw cycles and seismic processes.

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“…Other slope cover studies are limited mainly to mountainous areas in the middle latitudes, as for example, Pawelec (2006) and Pawelec et al (2015) who studied microstructure variations in slope sediment in the Tatra Mountains and Cracow Upland, Poland, and Karlstrom (1991) who interpreted paleoclimate from similar slope sites in southern Alberta.…”

Section: Toposequence-soil Weathering Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, this research seeks, not only to build upon similar research in the mountains of Poland (Pawelec, 2006;Pawelec et al, 2015) and Karlstrom (1991) in the Canadian Rocky Mountains, but to assess the 'r' (gravitation) factor in Jenny's soil-forming factor equation against climate, biota, parent material and time. Moreover, erosion over time, in the toposequence under study here, leaves weathering unconformities (Ahb horizons), all of which contain weathering archives of important paleoclimate importance, rarely assessed in other studies.…”

Section: Research Vector Over Timementioning

confidence: 99%

Studia Quaternaria

2021

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Stacks of the Pleistocene tills and associated airfall/slopewash/colluvial sediment abound on East African Mountains but few localities exist where thick deposits of middle to Late Pleistocene age can be studied to bedrock with topography the main soil-forming agent over <0.8 Ma. Two tills form the main structure of the catena, the oldest buried in the crest, backslope and footslope of the deposit, the youngest forming the crest and upper backslope, with massive colluvial infill forming a still younger sediment mass superposed on older sediment in the lower backslope, footslope and toeslope, the latter all radiocarbon dated to within the last glaciation (Liki on Mt. Kenya; Weichselian in Europe, Wisconsin in North America). The moraine stack, first identified by J.W. Gregory in the late 19th century, as belonging to the ‘Older Glaciation’ (Illinoian in North America; Teleki on Mt. Kenya), is much older than originally thought with tills and other paraglacial sediment extending to saprolitic bedrock, paleomagnetic assessment and relative weathering indices placing the mass in the Brunhes Chron. These results demonstrate that despite erosion and weathering, paleosols in toposequences near the margins of successive glaciations retain properties allowing reconstruction of environmental changes over long periods of time.

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Paleoenvironmental interpretation based on macro- and microstructure analysis of Pleistocene slope covers: A case study from the Miechów Upland, Poland

Cited by 8 publications

References 52 publications

Macro‐ and Micromorphologic Interpretation of Relict Periglacial Slope Deposits from the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland

Macro‐ and Micromorphologic Interpretation of Relict Periglacial Slope Deposits from the Holy Cross Mountains, Poland

Typical Soft–Sediment Deformation Structures Induced by Freeze/Thaw Cycles: A Case Study of Quaternary Alluvial Deposits in the Northern Qiangtang Basin, Tibetan Plateau

Studia Quaternaria

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