Pakistan management of green transportation and environmental pollution: a nonlinear ARDL analysis

Abstract

Modern advances in nonlinear modeling have exposed that nonlinear models yield more robust results compared with linear models. Research on the effect of air-railway transportation on environmental pollution has now arrived into a new way of asymmetry analysis and captured the real issue among the nexus. This study aims to inspect the asymmetric impact of air-railway transportation on environmental pollution in Pakistan by using annual time series data from 1991 to 2019. The findings show that positive shock in air passenger carried and railway passenger carried increases carbon emissions, which implies that 1% increase in air passenger carried (railway passenger carried) enhances environmental pollution by 0.21% (0.32%) in long run in Pakistan. While positive shock in railway passengers carried increases environmental pollution and negative shock in railway passengers carried decreases the environmental pollution in the short run. The outcomes have also confirmed the short- and long-run asymmetries in Wald statistics. The findings are country-specific and it would be regionally specific.

Farmers’ Awareness about Impacts of Reusing Wastewater, Risk Perception and Adaptation to Climate Change in Faisalabad District, Pakistan

“…Global warming is another issue for agriculture sector, many developing countries are affected by climate change due to poor capacity to deal with it, especially Pakistan which is most affected country by climate change [13][14][15][16]. It has not only an impact on agriculture activities due to high temperature and floods [17,18] but it also has impacts on farmers wellbeing and can become a reason of food scarcity in region [19][20][21]. It is reported that adaption can reduce possible negative impacts of climate change [22].…”

A Study on the Formation and Evolution Model of Social Psychology in Major Public Health Emergencies

“…The specific research method can be summarized as the five processes of "determining the research problem determining the appropriate text overall-text content analysis and classification-selecting representative textsobtaining qualitative results " [10][11].First of all, because this research is an interdisciplinary basic research, it is necessary to use the basis of text content study to scientifically screen the overall text, and the original text is generally based on "public health emergencies", "social psychology in public emergencies", and "crisis scenarios" "Social Psychology",etc.,conduct preliminary grouping, eliminate invalid and duplicate data, and extract and refine representative texts that are highly consistent or highly related to research content and research purposes; secondly, the extracted representative texts are classified according to the logical relationship between the categories, and the text content can be formed for comparative research, which can be used to sort out and analyze the social psychology generation process and evolutionary context of major public health emergencies.…”

Assessing the Role of Environmental Expenditures and Green Transport in Emissions Released by Transport: An Application of ARDL Approach

“…In support of mitigating CO 2 emissions, Sohail et al (2021) emphasize the association between green transport and environment. They find that green transport is the better strategy to reduce CO 2 emissions.…”

“…Environment quality is deteriorating because of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions, the most critical challenge for countries (Ahmad et al, 2021). The transport sector is a major contributor to CO 2 emissions, accounting for approximately 23% (Seum et al, 2020;Churchill et al, 2021;Sohail et al, 2021). Globally, CO 2 emissions from the transport sector will increase to nearly 60% by 2050 in the absence of effective mitigation measures (ITF, 2019).…”