Pain control and related factors in hospitalized patients

Abstract

Pain is a common health problem for hospitalized patients. It is necessary to understand the factors that affect patients’ pain to provide individual and complete pain management. This study explored the severity and incidence of pain in hospitalized patients on the admission day, during the hospitalization, and the discharge day, and explored the predictive factors that affect the patient's pain on the discharge day.This was a retrospective study that reviewed the medical records of 73,814 hospitalized patients from January 2016 to April 2018. The number of pain assessments was 471,339.The incidence of pain on the discharge day of patients was significantly higher than that on the admission day. The factors that affect and predict the pain of patients on discharge day include the degree of pain on the day of admission, emotional distress on the day of discharge, disease category, gender, age, and length of stay in hospital. It shows that the higher the degree of pain on the day of admission, the higher the degree of emotional distress on the day of discharge, female patients, younger patients, longer hospitalization days, and surgical and gynecological patients have significantly higher pain levels on the day of discharge (P < .05).This study found that the incidence of pain on the discharge day of patients was 46.5%. Previous pain level, disease category, emotional distress, gender, age, and length of hospital stay were important factors affecting patient pain on the discharge day. The influencing factors of patient pain should be fully assessed to provide individual and complete pain management, and improve patient quality of life after discharge.

Philosophical Studies of Non-Pharmacological Pain Management with Transcultural Nursing Approach

“…Pain can even last more than 3 months and become a chronic pain that can affect the patient’s quality of life, work and sleep. It also causes patients to seek medical care repeatedly, which indirectly leads to increased costs on the Healthcare system (Lin et al, 2021). Therefore, the provision of proper pain management for inpatients is an important issue that cannot be ignored.…”

“…While in the hospital, the level of pain on the day of admission, the emotional stress on the day of admission, and the emotional distress on the day of returning home were significantly correlated positively with the level of pain. The longer the patients stay in the hospital, the higher the level of pain on the day of admission, the greater the emotional stress on the day of admission and the greater the emotional stress on the day of exit (Lin et al, 2021).…”

“…After the process of concentrating pain, the impulse is returned to the periphery in the form of pain perception. The stimuli received by the pain receptors can come from various factors such as : mechanical, chemical and thermal (Black & Hawk, 2014) (Lin et al, 2021). Therefore, the provision of proper pain management for inpatients is an important issue that cannot be ignored.…”

Adductor canal block versus femoral nerve block for pain control after total knee arthroplasty: A systematic review and Meta-analysis

“…These factors include but are not limited to the patient gender, age, length of hospital stay in addition to the familial, psychological, social and cultural variables. [66,67]…”

Assessment of the conformity of analgesics prescribed in postoperative patients: a cross-sectional audit

“…Nonetheless, non-conformity to guidelines in POP management can generate clinical and psychological adverse events 6 . It has been reported that 29 % of hospitalized patients experienced moderate to severe pain during rest and 41 % during activity 13 . The lack of proper pain management may lead to the persistence of the pain after discharge 7 .…”