Pain Assessment Using the Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool in Chinese Critically Ill Ventilated Adults

Li, Qingdong; Wan, Xianyao; Gu, Chao; Yu, Yang; Huang, Wei; Li, Suwei; Zhang, Yongli

doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2014.01.014

Cited by 46 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This difference indicates that the CPOT measures pain when pain is present. The result indicates that the Norwegian version of the CPOT has good discriminant validity, which corresponds with results from previous studies (16,24,25,31,32).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In connection with the instruction video the nurses were able to score patient situations and have a discussion in order to arrive at a common understanding of the various domains. More practice in scoring the tool and a better common understanding may have resulted in improved agreement in the scores also during turning.We have not found any earlier comparable studies that have investigated agreement (interrater reliability) between the nurses' CPOT score in each domain (16,24,25,31,32).The analysis of weighted kappa at domain level showed moderate to excellent agreement.Facial expression was the domain with the lowest agreement level between the nurses' score at rest, with weighted kappa value of 0.41. A possible explanation is that the three response alternatives for facial expressions may be hard to distinguish.…”

mentioning

confidence: 57%

“…We have not found any earlier comparable studies that have investigated agreement (interrater reliability) between the nurses' CPOT score in each domain (16,24,25,31,32).…”

Section: Assessment Training Usefulmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Gélinas and Arbor suggested that sedated patients have a significantly lower CPOT score both at rest and during procedures compared to conscious patients (35). In earlier studies with more awake patients, the CPOT has proved to be more in line with the patient's self-reported pain with a total CPOT mean score between 2 to 3 (31,32,33).…”

Section: Facial Expression Most Important For Assessment Of Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CPOT – verktøy for smertevurdering av intensivpasienter

Storsveen¹,

Hall‐Lord²

2016

Sykepleien

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SUMMARYIntroduction: Research shows that intensive care patients experience pain both at rest and during procedures. Critically ill patients frequently have impaired ability to communicate pain and discomfort, making pain assessment and pain management challenging. Systematic pain assessment with valid tools is essential for good pain management. The Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) is a pain assessment tool with four domains.Objective: To translate The Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) and to examine the tool's validity and reliability.Method: The study has a descriptive quantitative design. The CPOT was first translated into Norwegian using an internationally recommended translation process. Six intensive care nurses were given a one-hour training session in the use of the CPOT, and an instruction video was used to achieve a common understanding of the CPOT scoring system. Independently, two intensive care nurses (in pairs) assessed and scored the patient's pain expression, using the CPOT, before and during a turning procedure. A total of 182 (91 pairwise) CPOT assessments were performed of 18 intensive care patients on mechanical ventilation. The Norwegian version of the CPOT was examined for discriminant validity by comparing the nurses' scores before and during the turning procedure. Research shows that intensive care patients frequently suffer from undertreatment of pain (1)(2)(3)(4)(5). Undertreatment of pain can have serious physical and psychological consequences (6-8). The golden standard for pain assessment is the patient's own description of pain (9, 10). However, the intensive care patient's impaired ability to communicate entails that the patient may experience pain without being able to express it in a way that health care personnel comprehend (4, 7, 11). Patients' inability to self-report pain hinders effective pain management.Systematic pain assessment with valid tools has proven essential to good pain treatment and may be used as a quality indicator of clinical practice (12, 13). There are several tools for assessing pain in adult intensive care patients, but according to international clinical guidelines (14), The Behavior Pain Scale (BPS) (15) and The Critical-Care Pain Observational Tool (CPOT) (16,17) have the highest validity and reliability. Rijkenberg et al. compared the CPOT and the BPS and concluded with a preference for the CPOT, due to better discriminant validity, meaning the tool measures pain better when the intensive care patient is assumed to have pain (19).In the international clinical guidelines, Barr et al. refer to the testing of the two tools' psychometric characteristics (measurement characteristics, user friendliness, the tool's validity and reliability, etc.). The CPOT appeared to be somewhat better, but both the CPOT and the BPS are equally recommended (14). The guidelines recommend that the CPOT and the BPS be translated and validated into more languages (14). The BPS is translated into Norwegian and tested for reliability by Olsen and Rustøen (18). ...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

mentioning

confidence: 57%

“…We have not found any earlier comparable studies that have investigated agreement (interrater reliability) between the nurses' CPOT score in each domain (16,24,25,31,32).…”

Section: Assessment Training Usefulmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Facial Expression Most Important For Assessment Of Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

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CPOT – verktøy for smertevurdering av intensivpasienter

Storsveen¹,

Hall‐Lord²

2016

Sykepleien

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show abstract

“…In the view of the authors, the most reliable and best validated behavioural scales in patients who cannot self-report pain are the Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS) and Critical Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT) [2]. It was recommended to translate them from French and English for their easier application; hence the scales available in various languages [37,38].…”

Section: Assessment Of Pain In Critically Ill Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metody oceny natężenia bólu u dorosłych pacjentów oddziałów intensywnej terapii —polska wersja językowa narzędzia CPOT (Critical Care Pain Observation Tool) i BPS (Behavioral Pain Scale)

Kotfis

Zegan-Barańska

Szydłowski

et al. 2017

Anaesthesiol Intensive Ther

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Many patients treated in the intensive care unit (ICU) experience pain that is a source of suffering and leaves a longterm imprint (chronic pain, post-traumatic stress disorder). Nearly 30% of patients experience pain at rest, while the percentage increases to 50% during nursing procedures. Pain in ICU patients can be divided into four categories: continuous ICU treatment-related pain/discomfort, acute illness-related pain, intermittent procedural pain and pre-existing chronic pain present before ICU admission. As daily nursing procedures and interventions performed in the ICU may be a potential source of pain, it is crucial to use simple pain monitoring tools. The assessment of pain intensity in ICU patients remains an everyday challenge for clinicians, especially in sedated, intubated and mechanically ventilated patients. Regular assessment of pain intensity leads to improved outcome and better quality of life of patients in the ICU and after discharge from ICU. The gold standard in pain evaluation is patient self-reporting, which is not always possible. Current research shows that the two tools best validated for patients unable to self-report pain are the Behavioral Pain Scale (BPS) and the Critical Care Pain Observation Tool (CPOT). Although international guidelines recommend the use of validated tools for pain evaluation, they underline the need for translation into a given language. The authors of this publication obtained an official agreement from the authors of the two behavioral scales -CPOT and BPS -for translation into Polish. Validation of these tools in the Polish population will aid their wider use in pain assessment in ICUs in Poland.

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The German version of the Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool for critically ill adults

et al. 2019

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Pain Assessment Using the Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool in Chinese Critically Ill Ventilated Adults

Abstract: The CPOT has good psychometric properties and can be used as a reliable and valid instrument for pain assessment in Chinese critically ill ventilated adults.

Cited by 46 publications

References 20 publications

CPOT – verktøy for smertevurdering av intensivpasienter

CPOT – verktøy for smertevurdering av intensivpasienter

Metody oceny natężenia bólu u dorosłych pacjentów oddziałów intensywnej terapii —polska wersja językowa narzędzia CPOT (Critical Care Pain Observation Tool) i BPS (Behavioral Pain Scale)

The German version of the Critical-Care Pain Observation Tool for critically ill adults

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