Paediatric endophthalmitis: a UK retrospective study

Parvizi, Sahar; Papadopoulos, Maria; Panteli, Vasiliki; Brookes, John; Soothill, J. F.; Bloom, Jeffrey N.; Adams, Gillian; Theodorou, Maria

doi:10.1038/s41433-019-0546-4

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In our study, four cases of endophthalmitis occurred after intraocular surgery. Bacterial infection was reported as the most common cause of endophthalmitis following pediatric intraocular surgery in previous studies [11,32]. We found that all four cases of postoperative endophthalmitis in our series were due to bacterial infection.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…Al-Torbak reported that Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae were the causative organisms of pediatric endophthalmitis associated with the Ahmed glaucoma valve implant [33]. A study from the UK reported that Streptococcus was predominant in pediatric endophthalmitis which occurred after glaucoma surgery [11]. Similarly, Streptococcus, Haemophilus influenzae, and Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were isolated in endophthalmitis after glaucoma surgery in our case series.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…Only a few studies focused on pediatric endophthalmitis from all causes. Among these, the sample sizes in most studies were small, with an even smaller number culture-positive cases, thereby providing limited information for clinical practice [11][12][13]. Zhang and colleagues reported the etiology and microorganism spectrum of 271 pediatric endophthalmitis cases in eastern China, of which 147 cases were culture positive; yet antibiotic susceptibility was not provided [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Etiology, microbiological isolates, and antibiotic susceptibilities in culture-proven pediatric endophthalmitis: a 9-year review

Yang

Lin

et al. 2020

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Purpose To analyze the etiology, microbiological isolates, and antibiotic susceptibilities of endophthalmitis in pediatric patients. Methods Patients aged < 18 years with culture-positive endophthalmitis in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center between January 2010 and December 2018 were included retrospectively. Results A total of 127 patients (127 eyes) were included, and 108 (85%) had posttraumatic endophthalmitis. Streptococcus (21.4%), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (14.5%), Aspergillus (6.9%), and Bacillus cereus (5.3%) were the common organisms. The proportion of Streptococcus decreased with age (40.0% in 0-3 years, 16.3% in 4-12 years, and 6.3% in 13-17 years), while coagulase-negative Staphylococcus increased from 5.7% to 18.8%. Overall, fluoroquinolones achieved the highest antibiotic susceptibility rate (> 95%), while the susceptibility of isolated bacteria to tobramycin and cefazolin was only 60.2% and 59.4%, respectively. The susceptibility rates of Gram-positive cocci to cephalosporins were nearly 90%. For Gram-negative bacilli, susceptibility to neomycin was 91.3%. Conclusion Trauma was the main etiology for pediatric endophthalmitis. Although Streptococcus was the most prevalent organism in general, the dominant pathogen varied with age, which merits clinical attention. Fluoroquinolones showed the highest antibiotic efficacy; however, commonly used antibiotics tobramycin and cefazolin showed relatively low antibiotic susceptibility. Thus, antibiotic resistance in pediatric populations merits clinical attention.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Etiology, microbiological isolates, and antibiotic susceptibilities in culture-proven pediatric endophthalmitis: a 9-year review

Yang

Lin

et al. 2020

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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“…This difference underlined that the OSM at birth underwent variations in the abundance of phyla. The explanation for this variability could be threefold: (i) the environmental variations to which a child is subjected are multiple compared to the newborn [ 35 , 36 ]; (ii) the diet and hand-to-eye contact of infants is different with respect to the child [ 37 ]; (iii) during the first years of life, children are frequently subject to surgery or exposure to antibiotics [ 38 , 39 ]. All these factors taken together can contribute to determining changes in the OSM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Comparison of Ocular Surface Microbiome in Newborns

Petrillo

Marrapodi

et al. 2022

Microorganisms

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The ocular microbiome is of fundamental importance for immune eye homeostasis, and its alteration would lead to an impairment of ocular functionality. Little evidence is reported on the composition of the ocular microbiota of term infants and on the impact of antibiotic prophylaxis. Methods: A total of 20 conjunctival swabs were collected from newborns at birth and after antibiotic treatment. Samples were subjected to 16S rRNA sequencing via system MiSeq Illumina. The data were processed with the MicrobAT software and statistical analysis were performed using two-way ANOVA. Results: Antibiotic prophylaxis with gentamicin altered the composition of the microbiota. In detail, a 1.5- and 2.01-fold reduction was recorded for Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) and Massilia timonae (M. timonae), respectively, whereas an increase in Staphylococcus spp. of 6.5 times occurred after antibiotic exposure. Conclusions: Antibiotic prophylaxis altered the ocular microbiota whose understanding could avoid adverse effects on eye health.

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“…The patient is more at risk if there is a delay in primary repair, retained foreign body or a large entry wound. The most commonly isolated pathogens are Staphlococcus and Bacillus species (Parvizi et al 2019). Treatment involves prompt removal of retained IOFB, primary repair, and intravitreal antibiotics.…”

Section: Endophthalmitismentioning

confidence: 99%