Padrão do Uso de Drogas de Abuso em Usuários de Crack em Tratamento em Uma Comunidade Terapêutica

Abstract

A identificação do perfil de usuários de drogas de abuso é uma das primeiras ações para a elaboração de políticas públicas. Objetivo. O objetivo do estudo é descrever o padrão do uso das principais drogas de abuso em usuários de crack em tratamento em uma Comunidade Terapêutica. Método. Pesquisa descritiva, com delineamento de série de casos, realizada com 20 usuários de crack acessados em uma Comunidade da região Sul do Brasil, utilizando entrevista semiestruturada. Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva simples. Resultados. A maioria dos usuários tinha idade entre 20 e 39 anos, não possuía relacionamento conjugal, tinha em média 7,4 anos de estudo, e estavam desempregados. O padrão do uso de drogas caracterizou-se pelo uso múltiplo, com início de drogas lícitas e ilícitas na juventude. A trajetória confirmou uma escalada no uso das substâncias psicoativas, iniciando com o tabaco e/ou álcool e finalizando com o uso de crack. Conclusões. Conclui-se que o perfil dos casos investigados foi semelhante ao descrito na literatura, mas a presença do padrão de uso múltiplo e de uma progressão no consumo de drogas remete à necessidade de políticas públicas voltadas a interrupção dessas características.

Profile and pattern of crack consumption among inpatients in a Brazilian psychiatric hospital

“…Although there are reports of onset during adolescence in therapeutic communities, 18 most studies point to users beginning consumption as they enter adulthood. Transition to Crack-dependent inpatients present severe patterns of consumption and, therefore, are more likely to have suffered negative consequences than groups who have initiated consumption recently.…”

“…Brazil it has been found that crack-dependent patients treated at either health centers 19 or therapeutic communities 18 used tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs prior to onset of their crack use. This progressive pattern of drug use from legal to illegal drugs has also been described elsewhere in the literature.…”

“…16 Crack-dependent inpatients in Porto Alegre have reported using other psychoactive substances 17 and describe consumption of crack mixed with tobacco or marijuana. 18 In the southern region of…”

Multidisciplinary team actions of a Brazilian Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and Drugs

“…Most users often used the drug more than four times a week (7) . Another study on the pattern of drug use showed that the use of alcohol among crack users occurred predominantly in youth, with a dependence characteristic for a period of more than ten years (8) . This frequency was also measured by the participants of the present study in other drugs, such as alcohol, in which professionals report that when the user arrives at the treatment service, dependence has already been established for years.…”

“…The age of the users has been investigated due to the longevity of consumption, which could indicate an adaptation of them to the culture of the drug. The strategies developed by users to deal with the risks of drug use indicate that changes in crack culture may contribute to an increase in life expectancy, since the occurrence of users with more than five years of use has increased exponentially (7)(8)(12)(13) . In this sense, studies investigated some strategies developed by crack users and found that they employed simple strategies, such as drug use in protected places, compliance with commitments, including drug traffickers, not to attract neighborhood and police attention and to combine crack use with other drugs such as marijuana or alcohol (14)(15) .…”