Introduction: Anxiety disorders have increased significantly in the last century, mainly due to the profound transformations that occurred in the economic and cultural context that were accompanied by the pressures of a modern, technological and mainly increasingly competitive society. Health professionals have a weakness and ease regarding the use of psychotropic drugs due to excessive stress, excessive workload, charges, dissatisfaction in the workplace or family. Objective: To identify prevalence of anxiolytic use by nursing professionals between 2013 and 2018. Methodology: Integrative review conducted in the LILACS, VHL and Pubmed databases, including quantitative research articles in Portuguese and English. Those whose methodological descriptions provided insufficient information were excluded. Results: The searches led to 400 articles which, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, formed a corpus of 07 articles. The results indicate a high prevalence of anxiolytic use among health professionals for female nursing workers, married, with working hours of 40 hours or more per week, aged between 18 and 47 years. Among the main side effects of anxiolytic consumption were sleepiness and decreased reflexes. Conclusion: There is a need for stricter control in dispensing these drugs, as in their indications, thus preventing inappropriate consumption or the occurrence of dependence by professionals. Psychosocial support is fundamental for the rational use of these drugs and in improving the quality of life of health professionals.