Paclobutrazol and Summer Pruning Influences Fruit Quality of Red Delicious Apple

Ashraf, Naira; Ashraf, Moieza; Bhat, Mohammad Yousuf; Sharma, Mahendra

doi:10.5958/2230-732x.2017.00043.2

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Summer pruning appeared to decrease the amount of predicted dry matter documented at harvest relative to non-summer pruned treatments (F versus F+S, W versus W+S, Figure 5). While summer pruning increases fruit site exposure which arguably would increase carbon assimilation in the fruit, the significant removal of leaf area (Figure 2) during summer pruning may also lead to a net negative impact on light interception and photosynthesis [49,52] which may explain the reduced dry matter in the summer pruning treatments (up to 65% decrease in net carbon exchange rate was observed as a result of summer pruning by Li et al [53]). The reduction of photosynthesis through summer pruning may also reduce water loss through transpiration because of the leaf area reduction [49].…”

Section: Fruit Size and Dry Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While summer pruning increases fruit site exposure which arguably would increase carbon assimilation in the fruit, the significant removal of leaf area (Figure 2) during summer pruning may also lead to a net negative impact on light interception and photosynthesis [49,52] which may explain the reduced dry matter in the summer pruning treatments (up to 65% decrease in net carbon exchange rate was observed as a result of summer pruning by Li et al [53]). The reduction of photosynthesis through summer pruning may also reduce water loss through transpiration because of the leaf area reduction [49]. This retention of water could potentially lead to greater fruit water content which may also explain the lower predicted dry matter in summer pruned treatments, as well as the greater fruit weight observed (Figures 3 and 4), though Mika [9] postulated that the improvement of water status in the vegetative organs of trees after pruning could instead be a result in a change in the ratio between canopy and root systems rather than a reduction in transpiration.…”

Section: Fruit Size and Dry Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, summer pruning may also negatively influence yield and fruit quality due to net diminution of whole-canopy leaf area and carbon capture [48], though there appears to be little consensus on this effect among studies due to variation in timing and intensity of pruning events. For instance, Ashraf et al [49], Demirtas et al [50], and Pramanick et al [51] reported increases in soluble solids content following summer pruning for apple, apricot, and kiwifruit, respectively. However, several authors report either no impact [52,53] or a reduction in soluble solids with summer pruning [54,55].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Manipulation of Fruit Dry Matter via Seasonal Pruning and Its Relationship to d’Anjou Pear Yield and Fruit Quality

2020

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Orchard-side optimization of fruit quality is experiencing renewed research focus in the fresh fruit industry as new technologies and quality metrics have emerged to enhance consumer acceptance and satisfaction. Fruit dry matter, one such quality index gaining traction among numerous fresh fruit commodities, was targeted for improvement in d’Anjou pear with the application of seasonal pruning cycles (fall, fall and summer, winter, and winter and summer) across two growing seasons in 2016 and 2017 in a mid-aged, traditionally managed commercial orchard in the Columbia basin, Washington, USA. Dry matter was assessed non-destructively on pears using near-infrared spectroscopy at harvest and fruit categorized in to low (<13%), moderate (13–16%), and high (>16%) dry matter quality categories, revealing that fall pruning positively impacted average predicted fruit dry matter in comparison to winter pruning (15.1 vs. 14.2% in 2016 and 13.7 vs. 13.1% predicted dry matter in 2017 for winter vs. fall pruning, respectively), as well in the abundance of high dry matter fruits. The addition of summer pruning to either fall or winter pruning increased fruit size by up to 13% of proportion of fruits 80 mm or greater in diameter. Further, a tendency for summer pruning to decrease yield (up to nearly 30 kg/tree lower yields), average fruit dry matter (up to 0.5% lower average predicted dry matter), and abundance of high dry matter fruits (up to 11% fewer high predicted dry matter fruits) was observed. Fruit quality classes assembled on predicted dry matter verified the utility of this emerging parameter as a fruit quality metric for pears as demonstrated by more desirable post-harvest eating characteristics such as higher soluble solids content corresponding to greater at-harvest predicted dry matter categories. Targeted seasonal pruning in association with precise at-harvest dry matter fruit sorting may preserve the profitability of pear cultivation through their impact on fruit quality and associated consumer experiences.

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Section: Fruit Size and Dry Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Fruit Size and Dry Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Manipulation of Fruit Dry Matter via Seasonal Pruning and Its Relationship to d’Anjou Pear Yield and Fruit Quality

2020

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“…Andres et al [77] observed that the acidity content of fruits diminished as a result of the ripening process and the mango fruits treated with paclobutrazol and KNO 3 showed the lowest values for acidity. Ashraf et al [78] reported that with increase in paclobutrazol concentration and pruning levels, an increase in TSS, TSS/acid ratio, anthocyanin, sugars, fruit calcium and improvement in fruit grade was observed with decrease in fruit acidity in Red Delicious apples. This increased total soluble solids was due to increased sucrose, starch and sugar levels due to reduced vegetative growth and thus the absence of other potentially competitive actively growing sinks which resulted in more nutrient partitioning to fruits [54].…”

Section: Fruit Chemical Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Growth Inhibitor Paclobutrazol in Fruit Crops

Ashraf¹,

Ashraf²

2020

Prunus

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Paclobutrazol (PBZ; IUPAC name: (2RS, 3RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4, 4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1, 2, 4-triazol-1-yl) pentan-3-ol) is a triazol derivative and an antagonist of gibberellins. It has been shown to inhibit shoot growth in various perennial fruit trees. Paclobutrazol application reduced the number of shoots, transforming trees into a more desirable, spur-type growth habit as the vegetative sink was reduced. This compound induces an early and intense flowering, diminishing vegetative growth and reducing the extension of buds, allowing for ripening and the initiation of apical buds inflorescence. Besides, it also increases fruit set, the years following application as a carryover effect. An increase in return bloom is a common response to paclobutrazol treatment and has been reported for various fruit crops. Paclobutrazol is widely used to advance harvest maturity in various fruit crops and it improves fruit quality in terms of accelerated colour development, delayed and synchronized fruit maturation and control of preharvest fruit drop. It is known to improve fruit physical and fruit chemical characteristics. Fruit calcium is increased for 2–3 years due to carry over effect. It helps in the maintenance of better fruit quality during storage and influences nutrient uptake in various fruit crops including stone fruits. It has been characterized as an environmentally stable compound in soil and water environments with a long half-life under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

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“…Kombinasi pemangkasan tajuk dan akar tanaman terbukti menurunkan pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman tetapi meningkatkan hasil panen buah apel (Pavicic et al 2009). Pemberian paklobutrazol yang dikombinasikan dengan pemangkasan tanaman berpengaruh secara nyata pada ukuran buah apel Red Delicious (Ashraf et al 2017).…”

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Pengaruh Pemangkasan Tajuk Terhadap Produktivitas dan Mutu Buah Jeruk Keprok Pulung (Effect of Pruning Canopy on Productivity and Fruit Quality of Mandarin cv Pulung)

Sugiyatno¹,

Yenni²,

Fanshuri³

2020

J.Hort

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Pemangkasan merupakan tindakan dalam budidaya tanaman yang berperan penting dalam mengatur percabangan tanaman. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemangkasan tajuk tanaman terhadap produktivitas dan mutu buah jeruk keprok Pulung. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus 2015 – Agustus 2016 di Kebun Percobaan (KP) Tlekung Balai Penelitian Tanaman Jeruk dan Buah Subtropika (Balitjestro) pada tanaman jeruk keprok Pulung berumur 6 tahun. Penelitian berdasarkan Rancang Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan lima perlakuan, yaitu pemangkasan pemeliharaan (P), pemangkasan bentuk V (V), pemangkasan lorong (L), pemangkasan samping (S), dan tidak dipangkas (K). Setiap perlakuan diulang lima kali dengan sembilan unit tanaman per ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah bunga tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan pemangkasan bentuk V (V), yaitu 85,30%, jumlah buah tertinggi pada perlakuan pemangkasan bentuk V (V) dan perlakuan pemangkasan samping (S) masing-masing sebesar 208,8 buah/pohon dan 201 buah/pohon. Rerata diameter dan bobot buah tertinggi diperoleh pada perlakuan pemangkasan pemeliharaan (P), yaitu 66,20 mm dan 143,75 g. Dari hasil analisis buah jeruk, total gula tertinggi (7,5%) dan total asam terendah (1,79%) diperoleh pada tanaman yang diperlakukan pemangkasan samping (S), sedangkan total karotenoid tertinggi (10,63 µg/g) terdapat pada tanaman yang diperlakukan pemangkasan lorong (L) dan kadar air yang tertinggi sebesar 90,08% dimiliki oleh tanaman kontrol (tanpa pemangkasan). Perlakuan pemangkasan samping (S) dapat direkomendasikan untuk diterapkan di petani karena menghasilkan jumlah buah yang tinggi dengan rasa yang manis.KeywordsJeruk; Kanopi; Pemangkasan; Produktifitas; Mutu buahAbstractPruning plays an important role in regulating branching of fruit plants. This research was aimed to examine the effect of canopy pruning on productivity and fruit quality of mandarin cv Pulung. The study was conducted at the Experimental Farm Tlekung ICSFRI on 6 year old tree of mandarin cv. Pulung. The observation was carried out from August 2015 until August 2016. The study was analyzed by using a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with five treatments and five replicates. The treatments were consisted of pruning for maintenance (P), V shape pruning (V), alley shape pruning (L), side pruning (S), and unpruning (K). The results indicate that the highest number of flowers is shown by V shape pruning treatment (V) i.e. 85.30%, the highest number of fruits is performed by V shape pruning treatment (V) and side pruning treatment (S), with the average of 208.8 and 201 fruits per tree. The mean fruit diameter and weight is the highest in pruning for maintenance treatment (P), i.e. 66.20 mm and 143.75 g, respectively. The highest total sugar (7.5%) and lowest total acid (1.79%) were obtained in the side pruning treatment (S), while the highest total caratenoid (10.63 µg / g) was found in the alley pruning treatment (L) and the highest water content of 90.08% is owned by the control (unpruning). Results of the study suggest that side pruning treatment (S) can be recommended as the best pruning practice to farmers since it may produce highest number of fruits and sweetest taste.

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Paclobutrazol and Summer Pruning Influences Fruit Quality of Red Delicious Apple

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Manipulation of Fruit Dry Matter via Seasonal Pruning and Its Relationship to d’Anjou Pear Yield and Fruit Quality

Manipulation of Fruit Dry Matter via Seasonal Pruning and Its Relationship to d’Anjou Pear Yield and Fruit Quality

Response of Growth Inhibitor Paclobutrazol in Fruit Crops

Pengaruh Pemangkasan Tajuk Terhadap Produktivitas dan Mutu Buah Jeruk Keprok Pulung (Effect of Pruning Canopy on Productivity and Fruit Quality of Mandarin cv Pulung)

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