P-glycoprotein inhibition by the agricultural pesticide propiconazole and its hydroxylated metabolites: Implications for pesticide–drug interactions

Food safety in Thailand 1: it is safe to eat watermelon and durian in Thailand

“…Dimethoate pretreatment in rats caused an increase in the activities of glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase, as compared to the control animals [57]. A recent study has also shown that a new fungicide propiconazole inhibited P-glycoprotein (P-gp) transporter protein with an inhibition potency similar to erythromycin [35]. These further raise additional consequence for human risks of possible pesticide-drug interactions that may occur between pesticides and conventional medicines.…”

“…Little is known of the pesticide transport in plants. No direct evidence of transport mechanisms of dimethoate in watermelon but at least active transport system appeared to be one of important transport mechanisms for pesticides in some vegetables and fruits such as soybean, gourd, cucumber and zucchini [34][35][36][37]. In addition, a previous study has shown that the edible part (pulp) of vegetables including cucumber, pumpkin, yam, and sweet potato was less contaminated with an organochlorine pesticide, chlordecone, than the parts that are thrown away, i.e., peels or rinds [38].…”

<p>Chromosomal Instability in Farmers Exposed to Pesticides: High Prevalence of Clonal and Non-Clonal Chromosomal Alterations</p>

“…77 The high frequency of CVs and CAs observed in the exposed group might result from pesticide-induced oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is known to cause DNA damage, which in turn may cause health disorders including Parkinson's disease, 78 endocrine disruption, 80 respiratory and reproductive disorders, 81 Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 82 leukemia, Burkitt lymphoma, ovarian cancer, neuroblastoma, soft tissue sarcoma, 83 and cancers of the lung, rectum, stomach, bladder, colon and breast. 84,85 Considering that the mutagenic risk of various cigarette components is considered a confounding factor that can influence the frequency of CVs and CAs, we analyze whether smoking and alcohol consumption in both the exposed and unexposed individuals affect the frequency of chromosomal damage.…”

Causes and Consequences of Variability in Drug Transporter Activity in Pediatric Drug Therapy

“…Finally, environmental chemicals, such as diesel exhaust particle extract and pesticides, have been demonstrated to interact with drug transporters through competitive mechanisms or to modify their expression (Table ) . Data are still sparse, and additional in vitro and in vivo studies are required to quantify pollutant‐transporter interplays.…”

“…Furthermore, if this interaction between milk and β-lactams should be confirmed, it would be necessary to change the habits of prescription of some antibiotics used in children, and especially the drug label, which states that "Alternate means of administration of amoxicillin suspension are to add the required amount of suspension to formula, milk, fruit juice, water, or cold drink." 180 Finally, environmental chemicals, such as diesel exhaust particle extract 181 and pesticides, [182][183][184] have been demonstrated to interact with drug transporters through competitive mechanisms 185 or to modify their expression ( Table 6). [186][187][188] Data are still sparse, and additional in vitro and in vivo studies are required to quantify pollutant-transporter interplays.…”