Ozone loss and chlorine activation in the Arctic winters 1991-2003 derived with the tracer-tracer correlations

Tilmes, Simone; Müller, Rolf; Grooß, Jens‐Uwe; Russell, James M.

doi:10.5194/acp-4-2181-2004

Cited by 92 publications

(204 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…In the absence of mixing, correlations between a long-lived tracer and ozone provide a quantitative measure of chemical O 3 change [Müller et al, 2001[Müller et al, , 2005. TRAC has been successfully used to quantify chemical O 3 loss for the past decade of Arctic [Tilmes et al, 2004] Harris et al [2002] showed general agreement of TRAC-derived O 3 loss with O 3 loss derived from Lagrangian trajectory [Manney et al, 1995], vortex average [Knudsen et al, 1998], SAOZ [Goutail et al, 1999] and Match [von der Gathen et al, 1995] calculations.…”

Section: Data and Analysismentioning

confidence: 89%

Chemical ozone loss in a chemistry‐climate model from 1960 to 1999

Lemmen¹,

Dameris²,

Müller³

et al. 2006

Geophysical Research Letters

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In the recent WMO assessment of ozone depletion, the minimum ozone column is used to assess the evolution of the polar ozone layer simulated in several chemistry‐climate models (CCMs). The ozone column may be strongly influenced by changes in transport and is therefore not well‐suited to identify changes in chemistry. The quantification of chemical ozone depletion can be achieved with tracer‐tracer correlations (TRAC). For forty Antarctic winters (1960–1999), we present the seasonal chemical depletion simulated with the ECHAM4.L39(DLR)/CHEM model. Analyzing methane–ozone correlations, we find a mean chemical ozone loss of 80 ± 10 DU during the 1990s, with a maximum of 94 DU. Compared to ozone loss deduced from HALOE measurements the model underestimates chemical loss by 37%. The average multidecadal trend in loss from 1960 to 1999 is 17 ± 3 DU per decade. The largest contribution to this trend comes from the 62 ± 11 DU ozone loss increase between the 1970s and 1990s.

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Section: Data and Analysismentioning

confidence: 89%

Chemical ozone loss in a chemistry‐climate model from 1960 to 1999

Lemmen¹,

Dameris²,

Müller³

et al. 2006

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…Chemical ozone loss in the polar regions is strongly related to the geographical extent of PSCs during the winter (e.g., Rex et al, 1999Rex et al, , 2004Rex et al, , 2006Tilmes et al, 2004). To date, realistic measurement-based estimates of PSC areal coverage have not been feasible due in large part to the limited sampling pattern of solar occultation instruments.…”

Section: Psc Processing Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Polar Stratospheric Clouds with spaceborne lidar: CALIPSO and the 2006 Antarctic season

et al. 2007

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Abstract. The role of polar stratospheric clouds in polar ozone loss has been well documented. The CALIPSO satellite mission offers a new opportunity to characterize PSCs on spatial and temporal scales previously impossible. A PSC detection algorithm based on a single wavelength threshold approach has been developed for CALIPSO. The method appears to accurately detect PSCs of all opacities, including tenuous clouds, with a very low rate of false positives and few missed clouds. We applied the algorithm to CALIOP data acquired during the 2006 Antarctic winter season from 13 June through 31 October. The spatial and temporal distribution of CALIPSO PSC observations is illustrated with weekly maps of PSC occurrence. The evolution of the 2006 PSC season is depicted by time series of daily PSC frequency as a function of altitude. Comparisons with "virtual" solar occultation data indicate that CALIPSO provides a different view of the PSC season than attained with previous solar occultation satellites. Measurement-based time series of PSC areal coverage and vertically-integrated PSC volume are computed from the CALIOP data. The observed area covered with PSCs is significantly smaller than would be inferred from the commonly used temperature-based proxy T NAT but is similar in magnitude to that inferred from T STS . The potential of CALIOP measurements for investigating PSC composition is illustrated using combinations of lidar backscatter and volume depolarization for two CALIPSO PSC scenes.

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“…In particular, as (in the absence of halogen-catalysed chemical loss) ozone in the winter polar vortex can be considered long-lived (e.g., Proffitt et al, 1992;Sankey and Shepherd, 2003), compact ozone-tracer relations are expected for the polar vortex (e.g., Proffitt et al, 1993;Müller et al, 2001;Tilmes et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measurements from aircraft (Proffitt et al, 1990(Proffitt et al, , 1993Richard et al, 2001;Ross et al, 2004;Ulanovskii et al, 2004), satellites (Müller et al, 1996;Tilmes et al, 2003bTilmes et al, , 2004, balloons (Müller et al, 2001;Salawitch et al, 2002;Vogel et al, 2003;Robinson et al, 2005), and from the Space Shuttle (Michelsen et al, 1998) were used for such analyses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of mixing and chemical change on ozone-tracer relations in the polar vortex

Müller¹,

Tilmes

Konopka³

et al. 2005

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Tracer-tracer relations have been used for a long time to separate physico-chemical change from change caused by transport processes. In particular, for more than a decade, ozone-tracer relations have been used to quantify chemical ozone loss in the polar vortex. The application of ozone-tracer relations for quantifying ozone loss relies on two hypotheses: that a compact ozone-tracer relation is established in the 'early' polar vortex and that any change of the ozone-tracer relation in the vortex over the course of winter is caused predominantly by chemical ozone loss. Here, we revisit this issue by analysing various sets of measurements and the results from several models. We find that mixing across the polar vortex edge impacts ozone-tracer relations in a way that may solely lead to an 'underestimation' of chemical ozone loss and not to an overestimation. Further, differential descent in the vortex and internal mixing has only a negligible impact on ozone loss estimates. Moreover, the representation of mixing in three-dimensional atmospheric models can have a substantial impact on the development of tracer relations in the model. Rather compact ozonetracer relations develop -in agreement with observationsin the vortex of a Lagrangian model (CLaMS) where mixing is anisotropic and driven by the deformation of the flow. We conclude that, if a reliable 'early vortex' reference can be obtained and if vortex measurements are separated from mid-latitude measurements, ozone-tracer relations constitute a reliable tool for the quantitative determination of chemical ozone loss in the polar vortex.

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Ozone loss and chlorine activation in the Arctic winters 1991-2003 derived with the tracer-tracer correlations

Cited by 92 publications

References 61 publications

Chemical ozone loss in a chemistry‐climate model from 1960 to 1999

Chemical ozone loss in a chemistry‐climate model from 1960 to 1999

Characterization of Polar Stratospheric Clouds with spaceborne lidar: CALIPSO and the 2006 Antarctic season

Impact of mixing and chemical change on ozone-tracer relations in the polar vortex

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