Oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from ambient particulate matter induce electrophysiological instability in cardiomyocytes

Ju, Sujin; Lim, Leejin; Jiao, Han Yi; Choi, Seok; Jun, Jae Yeoul; Ki, Young-Jae; Choi, Dong Hyun; Lee, Ji Yi; Song, Heesang

doi:10.1186/s12989-020-00351-5

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…We have previously reported that ambient PM generates a substantial amount of ROS, which may induce electrophysiological instability in cardiomyocytes [20]. In addition, we revealed that this effect might be caused by PAHs, the main component of PM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…In particular, there is convincing evidence to suggest that Fe generates ROS through the Haber-Weiss and Fenton reaction [51]. Indeed, we observed that ambient PM contained these metallic compounds in our previous study [20]. Therefore, further investigation of the association between metals and PAHs that lead to ROSmediated VSMC migration is needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…We have previously suggested that PAHs and oxy-PAHs that are found in ambient PM might act as ROS generators [20]. Therefore, in this study, we hypothesized that PAHs, including oxy-PAHs, comprise the main components of ambient PM that induce ROS generation, which subsequently promotes the migration of VSMCs.…”

Section: Pahs Are Mediators Inducing Ros Generation and Vsmcs Migrationmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Collection of ambient particulate matter (PM) at Seoul metropolitan area during summer (SPM) and winter (WPM) season and particle preparation was described in the previous study [52], which showed the detailed process for the sampling of PM10 and extraction of organic matter from the PM. The analyzed organic compounds including PAHs and oxy-PAHs and their concentrations were presented in the previous study [20].…”

Section: Ambient Particulate Matters and Preparation Of Organic Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a previous study, we showed that in cardiomyocytes, oxy-PAHs induced higher electrophysiological instability than PAHs, which might be due to the increased generation of ROS. In addition, we showed that the amount and number of oxy-PAHs contained in WPM were higher in SPM, leading to higher electrophysiological instability [20]. However, few studies have investigated the underlying mechanisms in the vasculature, which is composed of endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reactive Oxygen Species Generated by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons From Ambient Particulate Matter Enhance Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration Through MMP Upregulation and Actin Reorganization

Lim

et al. 2021

Preprint

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BackgroundEpidemiological studies have suggested that elevated concentrations of particulate matter (PM) are strongly associated with the incidence of atherosclerosis; however, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of atherosclerosis by PM exposure and the components that are mainly responsible for this adverse effect remain to be established. In this investigation, we evaluated the effects of ambient PM on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) behavior. In addition, the effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), including oxygenated PAHs (oxy-PAHs), on VSMC migration and the underlying mechanisms were examined.ResultsVSMC migration was significantly increased by treatment with ambient PM. The total amount of PAHs contained in WPM was higher than that in SPM, leading to higher ROS generation and VSMC migration. The increased migration was successfully inhibited by treatment with the ROS scavenger, N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC). The levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) 2 and 9 were significantly increased in ambient PM-treated VSMCs, with MMP9 levels being significantly higher in WPM-treated VSMCs than in those treated with SPM. As expected, migration was significantly increased in all tested PAHs (anthracene, ANT; benz(a)anthracene, BaA) and their oxygenated derivatives (9,10-Anthraquinone, AQ; 7,12-benz(a)anthraquinone, BAQ, respectively). The phosphorylated levels of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and formation of the focal adhesion complex were significantly increased in ambient PM or PAH-treated VSMCs, and these effects were blocked by administration of NAC or a-NF, an inhibitor of AhR, the receptor that allows PAH uptake. Subsequently, the levels of phosphorylated Src and NRF, the downstream targets of FAK, were altered with a pattern similar to that of p-FAK.ConclusionsPAHs, including oxy-PAHs, in ambient PM may have dual effects that lead to an increase in VSMC migration. One is the generation of ROS followed by MMP upregulation, and the other is actin reorganization that results from the activation of the focal adhesion complex.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Pahs Are Mediators Inducing Ros Generation and Vsmcs Migrationmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Ambient Particulate Matters and Preparation Of Organic Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reactive Oxygen Species Generated by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons From Ambient Particulate Matter Enhance Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration Through MMP Upregulation and Actin Reorganization

Lim

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Particulate Matter-Induced Cardiovascular Dysfunction: A Mechanistic Insight

Ain

Qamar

2021

Cardiovasc Toxicol

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Staphylococcus epidermidis WF2R11 Suppresses PM2.5-Mediated Activation of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in HaCaT Keratinocytes

Lee

Ahn

Park

et al. 2022

Probiotics & Antimicro. Prot.

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The skin supports a diverse microbiome whose imbalance is related to skin inflammation and diseases. Exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), a major air pollutant, can adversely affect the skin microbiota equilibrium. In this study, the effect and mechanism of PM2.5 exposure in HaCaT keratinocytes were investigated. PM2.5 stimulated the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) in HaCaT cells, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and intrinsic mitochondrial apoptosis. We observed that the culture medium derived from a particular skin microbe, Staphylococcus epidermidis WF2R11, remarkably reduced oxidative stress in HaCaT cells caused by PM2.5-mediated activation of the AhR pathway. Staphylococcus epidermidis WF2R11 also exhibited inhibition of ROS-induced inflammatory cytokine secretion. Herein, we demonstrated that S. epidermidis WF2R11 could act as a suppressor of AhRs, affect cell proliferation, and inhibit apoptosis. Our results highlight the importance of the clinical application of skin microbiome interventions in the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases.

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Oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from ambient particulate matter induce electrophysiological instability in cardiomyocytes

Cited by 15 publications

References 51 publications

Reactive Oxygen Species Generated by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons From Ambient Particulate Matter Enhance Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration Through MMP Upregulation and Actin Reorganization

Reactive Oxygen Species Generated by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons From Ambient Particulate Matter Enhance Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration Through MMP Upregulation and Actin Reorganization

Particulate Matter-Induced Cardiovascular Dysfunction: A Mechanistic Insight

Staphylococcus epidermidis WF2R11 Suppresses PM2.5-Mediated Activation of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in HaCaT Keratinocytes

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