Oxygen Transport and Consumption During Experimental Cardiopulmonary Bypass Using Oxyfluor

Briceño, Juan Carlos; Rincón, Ismaei E.; Vélez, Juan Fernando; Castro, I; Arcos, M. I.; Velásquez, Carmen E.

doi:10.1097/00002480-199907000-00013

Cited by 16 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Perfluorocarbons (PFC) are fluorinated hydrocarbons that are designed to carry oxygen and may be useful to treat hypoxic conditions (Briceno et al, 1999;Riess, 2005). Oxygen dissolving capacity of most PFCs are around 40 ml in 100 ml (Geyer, 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perfluorocarbon NVX-108 increased cerebral oxygen tension after traumatic brain injury in rats

et al. 2016

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perfluorocarbon NVX-108 increased cerebral oxygen tension after traumatic brain injury in rats

et al. 2016

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“…CPB. Oxyfluor used as an intravascular oxygen carrier in a porcine model of CPB, improved tissue oxygenation and total oxygen consumption, reduced the fractional contribution of oxygen transported by the red blood cell and the overall efficiency of oxygen transport increased (55).…”

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confidence: 99%

Perfluorocarbon‐Based Oxygen Carriers: Review of Products and Trials

2010

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A viable blood substitute is still of great necessity throughout the world. Perfluorocarbon-based oxygen carriers (PFCOCs) are emulsions that take advantage of the high solubility of respiratory gases in perfluorocarbons (PFCs). Despite attractive characteristics, no PFCOC is currently approved for clinical uses. Some PFCOCs have failed due to secondary effects of the surfactants employed, like Fluosol DA, whereas others to adverse cerebrovascular effects on cardiopulmonary bypass, such as Oxygent. Further in-depth, rigorous work is needed to overcome the annotated failures and to obtain a safe PFCOC approved for human use. The aim of this study is to review in detail the most-used PFCOCs, their formulation, and preclinical and clinical trials, and to reflect upon causes of failure and strategies to overcome such failures.

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“…Co., Beijing, China58% perfluoroctylbromid,2% perfluorodecylbromideegg yolk-phospholipids1–2 years, 5–10 °CSevere side effects such as ileus and increased frequency of strokes(Dainer et al 2007; Dromsky, Spiess and Fahlman 2004; Mahon et al 2010; Zhu et al 2007)* (Keipert 2006; Leese et al 2000; Spahn et al 2002)**Oxycyte™ (SG)Tenax Therapeutics, Inc., Morrisville,NC (Synthetic Blood Int. Inc.)60% perfluorotertbutylcyclohexanegg yolk-phospholipidsnot knownSponsor withdrew support(Smith et al 2012; Yoshitani et al 2006)* (Winslow 2006)**Oxyfluor™ (SG)HemaGen Inc, St. Louis, MO78% perfluorodichlorooctaneegg yolk-phospholipids, safflower oil1 year, room tempPhase III clinical trials suspended(Briceño et al 1999; Cochran et al 1997)* (Winslow 2006)**Overview of emulsified perfluorocarbon (PFC) preparations officially produced at least for a limited period. Specified are the company, the composition, the used emulsifier, conditions of storage, reasons for missed or withdrawn approval and preclinical or clinical studies including summaries of clinical studiesFG first-generation PFC, SG second-generation PFC*Preclinical studies**Clinical studies or summary…”

Section: Main Textmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perfluorocarbons for the treatment of decompression illness: how to bridge the gap between theory and practice

Mayer

Ferenz

2019

Eur J Appl Physiol

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Decompression illness (DCI) is a complex clinical syndrome caused by supersaturation of respiratory gases in blood and tissues after abrupt reduction in ambient pressure. The resulting formation of gas bubbles combined with pulmonary barotrauma leads to venous and arterial gas embolism. Severity of DCI depends on the degree of direct tissue damage caused by growing bubbles or indirect cell injury by impaired oxygen transport, coagulopathy, endothelial dysfunction, and subsequent inflammatory processes. The standard therapy of DCI requires expensive and not ubiquitously accessible hyperbaric chambers, so there is an ongoing search for alternatives. In theory, perfluorocarbons (PFC) are ideal non-recompressive therapeutics, characterized by high solubility of gases. A dual mechanism allows capturing of excess nitrogen and delivery of additional oxygen. Since the 1980s, numerous animal studies have proven significant benefits concerning survival and reduction in DCI symptoms by intravenous application of emulsion-based PFC preparations. However, limited shelf-life, extended organ retention and severe side effects have prevented approval for human usage by regulatory authorities. These negative characteristics are mainly due to emulsifiers, which provide compatibility of PFC to the aqueous medium blood. The encapsulation of PFC with amphiphilic biopolymers, such as albumin, offers a new option to achieve the required biocompatibility avoiding toxic emulsifiers. Recent studies with PFC nanocapsules, which can also be used as artificial oxygen carriers, show promising results. This review summarizes the current state of research concerning DCI pathology and the therapeutic use of PFC including the new generation of non-emulsified formulations based on nanocapsules.

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Oxygen Transport and Consumption During Experimental Cardiopulmonary Bypass Using Oxyfluor

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Perfluorocarbon NVX-108 increased cerebral oxygen tension after traumatic brain injury in rats

Perfluorocarbon NVX-108 increased cerebral oxygen tension after traumatic brain injury in rats

Perfluorocarbon‐Based Oxygen Carriers: Review of Products and Trials

Perfluorocarbons for the treatment of decompression illness: how to bridge the gap between theory and practice

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