Oxygen isotope corrections for online δ<sup>34</sup>S analysis

Fry, Brian; Silva, Steven R.; Kendall, Carol; Anderson, Richard K.

doi:10.1002/rcm.651

Cited by 99 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The water produced during combustion was removed by a water trap of magnesium perchlorate. The gases were then introduced into the quartz tube, which contained quartz wool, and held at 890 °C to minimize the oxygen isotope variation of the SO 2 , with a SO 2 -SiO 2 equilibrium reaction (Fry et al 2002). Sulfur dioxide and other gases, such as CO 2 and N 2 , were separated through gas chromatography.…”

Section: Sampling Locations and Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur isotopic characteristics of volcanic products from the September 2014 Mount Ontake eruption, Japan

Ikehata

Maruoka

2016

Earth Planet Sp

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which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. AbstractComponents and sulfur isotopic compositions of pyroclastic materials from the 2014 Mt. Ontake eruption were investigated. The volcanic ash samples were found to be composed of altered volcanic fragments, alunite, anhydrite, biotite, cristobalite, gypsum, ilmenite, kaolin minerals, native sulfur, orthopyroxene, plagioclase, potassium feldspar, pyrite, pyrophyllite, quartz, rutile, and smectite, and most of these minerals were likely derived from the acidic alteration zones of Mt. Ontake. The absence of juvenile material in the eruptive products indicates that the eruption was phreatic. The sulfur isotopic compositions of the water-leached sulfate, hydrochloric acid-leached sulfate, acetone-leached native sulfur, and pyrite of the samples indicate that these sulfur species were produced by disproportionation of magmatic SO 2 in the hydrothermal system at temperatures of 270-281 °C. This temperature range is consistent with that inferred from the hydrothermal mineral assemblage (e.g., pyrophyllite and rutile) in the 2014 pyroclastic materials (200-300 °C). Except for the sulfur isotopic compositions of anhydrite, which may have been altered by incorporation of sulfate minerals in a fumarolic area with lower sulfur isotopic values into the underground materials during the 1979 eruption, no significant differences in the mineral assemblages and sulfur isotopic compositions of the pyroclastic materials were identified between the products of the 2014 and 1979 Ontake phreatic eruptions, which suggests geochemical similarities in the underlying hydrothermal systems before the 2014 and 1979 eruptions.

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Section: Sampling Locations and Analytical Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur isotopic characteristics of volcanic products from the September 2014 Mount Ontake eruption, Japan

Ikehata

Maruoka

2016

Earth Planet Sp

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“…The δ 34 S value is measured against a sulphur gas standard and corrected for oxygen isotope mass variations (Coleman 2004;Fry et al 2002). A daily run of ten collagen samples is accompanied by the inorganic international standards NBS127 (20.3‰), IAEA-S1 (-0.3‰), IAEA-S2 (21.5‰) and IAEA-SO-5 (0.5‰) (Coplen and Krouse 1998) and two organic standards: NIST bovine liver 1577 b (7.5‰) (Fry et al 2002) and IVA protein casein (6.3‰). The precision of the analyses for the standards (organic and inorganic) are better than ±0.4‰ with a standard deviation (σ) of better than 0.3‰.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing collagen quality criteria for sulphur isotope analysis of archaeological bone collagen

Nehlich

Richards

2009

Archaeol Anthropol Sci

229

192

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Sulphur isotope measurements of bone collagen from archaeological sites are beginning to be applied more often, yet there are no clear criteria to assess the quality of the collagen and therefore the validity of the sulphur isotope values. We provide elemental data from different methods (DNA sequences, amino acid sequences and mass spectrometric measurements) which are used to establish a reliable system of quality criteria for sulphur isotope analyses of bone collagen. The difference in the amount of sulphur from fish and mammalian collagen type I led to the suggestion to use different criteria to assess the in vivo character of the collagen between these two categories. For establishing quality ranges, the bone collagen of 140 modern animals were analysed. The amount of sulphur in fish and mammalian bone collagen is 0.63±0.08% and 0.28 ±0.07%, respectively. Based on these results we define for mammalian bone collagen an atomic C:S ratio of 600±300 and an atomic N:S ratio of 200±100, and for fish bone an atomic C:S ratio of 175±50 and an atomic N:S ratio of 60± 20. These quality criteria were then applied to 305 specimens from different archaeological contexts.

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“…Carbon and nitrogen isotope values were corrected against an in-house standard (Merck Gel) while sulphur isotopes were referenced against sulphanilamide and NIST bovine liver (Fry et al 2002). Results are reported using the standard delta notation for stable light isotopes using the equation …”

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confidence: 99%

Ecosystem change and the Olifants River crocodile mass mortality events

Woodborne¹,

Huchzermeyer²,

Govender³

et al. 2012

Ecosphere

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Abstract. Nile crocodile (Crocodilus niloticus) mass mortality events in the Olifants River between the Letaba River confluence in South Africa and Lake Massingir in Mozambique have been attributed to pansteatitis: a disease that affects fat depots of the animals. The disease is also found in sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in the same area, and the cause of the disease is attributed to pollution. Although the Olifants River Valley is polluted, the impact of interventions such as dam construction on biodiversity receives little attention. We show that the onset of the pansteatitis epidemic in crocodiles and sharptooth catfish at the Olifants/Letaba confluence coincided with back-flooding of Lake Massingir that changed the Olifants River from a rock and sand substrate river to a clay substrate lake. Isotopic analysis shows that sharptooth catfish shifted from a predominantly vegetarian to a piscivorous diet that is highly correlated with pansteatitis prevalence, and crocodiles and tiger fish (Hydrocynus vittatus) show coincident trophic level increases. The evidence suggests that the ecosystem change altered the structure of the lotic foodweb and that an exotic or extralimital fish has invaded the confluence and is the vector of the pansteatitis epidemic. The invasive fish species is yet to be identified. The pansteatitis epidemic is an unintended ecological consequence of damming this river.

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Oxygen isotope corrections for online δ³⁴S analysis

Cited by 99 publications

References 11 publications

Sulfur isotopic characteristics of volcanic products from the September 2014 Mount Ontake eruption, Japan

Sulfur isotopic characteristics of volcanic products from the September 2014 Mount Ontake eruption, Japan

Establishing collagen quality criteria for sulphur isotope analysis of archaeological bone collagen

Ecosystem change and the Olifants River crocodile mass mortality events

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Oxygen isotope corrections for online δ34S analysis

Cited by 99 publications

References 11 publications

Sulfur isotopic characteristics of volcanic products from the September 2014 Mount Ontake eruption, Japan

Sulfur isotopic characteristics of volcanic products from the September 2014 Mount Ontake eruption, Japan

Establishing collagen quality criteria for sulphur isotope analysis of archaeological bone collagen

Ecosystem change and the Olifants River crocodile mass mortality events

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Oxygen isotope corrections for online δ³⁴S analysis