Oxygen isotope composition of stratospheric carbon dioxide

Lämmerzahl, P.; Röckmann, Thomas; Brenninkmeijer, Carl A. M.; Krankowsky, D.; Mauersberger, K.

doi:10.1029/2001gl014343

Cited by 101 publications

(146 citation statements)

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“…Stratospheric oxygen isotope covariations in CO 2 (8,11,12) consistently differ from those found in laboratory experiments simulating stratospheric photochemistry (6,(13)(14)(15)(16) Table 1). The stratospheric samples display ⌬ 47 values both higher and more variable than those exhibited by tropospheric air at the surface, which has an average ⌬ 47 value of 0.92 Ϯ 0.01‰ in remote regions (Cape Grim, Tasmania and Barrow, Alaska) (18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 70%

Large and unexpected enrichment in stratospheric ¹⁶ O ¹³ C ¹⁸ O and its meridional variation

Yeung¹,

Affek

Hoag³

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The stratospheric CO 2 oxygen isotope budget is thought to be governed primarily by the O( 1 D)+CO 2 isotope exchange reaction. However, there is increasing evidence that other important physical processes may be occurring that standard isotopic tools have been unable to identify. Measuring the distribution of the exceedingly rare CO 2 isotopologue 16 O 13 C 18 O, in concert with 18 O and 17 O abundances, provides sensitivities to these additional processes and, thus, is a valuable test of current models. We identify a large and unexpected meridional variation in stratospheric 16 O 13 C 18 O, observed as proportions in the polar vortex that are higher than in any naturally derived CO 2 sample to date. We show, through photochemical experiments, that lower 16 O 13 C 18 O proportions observed in the midlatitudes are determined primarily by the O( 1 D)+CO 2 isotope exchange reaction, which promotes a stochastic isotopologue distribution. In contrast, higher 16 O 13 C 18 O proportions in the polar vortex show correlations with long-lived stratospheric tracer and bulk isotope abundances opposite to those observed at midlatitudes and, thus, opposite to those easily explained by O( 1 D)+CO 2 . We believe the most plausible explanation for this meridional variation is either an unrecognized isotopic fractionation associated with the mesospheric photochemistry of CO 2 or temperature-dependent isotopic exchange on polar stratospheric clouds. Unraveling the ultimate source of stratospheric 16 O 13 C 18 O enrichments may impose additional isotopic constraints on biosphere–atmosphere carbon exchange, biosphere productivity, and their respective responses to climate change.

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mentioning

confidence: 70%

Large and unexpected enrichment in stratospheric ¹⁶ O ¹³ C ¹⁸ O and its meridional variation

Yeung¹,

Affek

Hoag³

et al. 2009

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…A possible explanation is the assumed D 17 O value of tropospheric ozone, where it was implicit that the O 3 was produced in the troposphere through photolysis of NO 2 and the O( 3 P) + O 2 + M recombination reaction (D 17 O $ 35%). Cross tropopause mixing of O 3 produced in the stratosphere is known to be a significant source of tropospheric O 3 in the natural atmosphere and measurements have shown stratospheric ozone D 17 O >40% [Lämmerzahl et al, 2002]. Fitting our MDV nitrate D 17 O values using stratospheric ozone as the primary oxidant gives b values between .44 (using approximation (2)) which are still well below the branching ratio predicted by models [Stroud et al, 2003;Derwent et al, 2003;Dentener and Crutzen, 1993].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Isotopic composition of Antarctic Dry Valley nitrate: Implications for NO_y sources and cycling in Antarctica

Michalski¹

2005

Geophysical Research Letters

107

116

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“…It is known that atmospheric O 3 is enriched in heavy isotopologues and isotopomers with mass-independent fractionation [Mauersberger, 1987;Krankowsky et al, 2000;Mauersberger et al, 2001;Lämmerzahl et al, 2002;Brenninkmeijer et al, 2003;Thiemens, 2006]. The isotopic composition of atmospheric O 3 [Liang et al, 2006] can be well explained by two processes: formation [Thiemens and Heidenreich, 1983;Mauersberger et al, 1999;Gao and Marcus, 2001] and photolysis [Johnson et al, 2001;Bhattacharya et al, 2002;Blake et al, 2003;Liang et al, 2004;Miller et al, 2005;Prakash et al, 2005] [8] In this paper, we simulate the isotopic fractionation of O 3 and N 2 O in one-dimensional (height) and twodimensional (latitude and height) modes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources of the oxygen isotopic anomaly in atmospheric N₂O

Liang

Yung

2007

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] One-dimensional and two-dimensional models are used to investigate the isotopic composition of atmospheric N 2 O. The sources of N 2 O in the atmosphere are based on recent laboratory measurements of the N 2 O quantum yield in the mixture of O 3 /O 2 /N 2 (Estupiñán et al., 2002). Two recently proposed pathways (Estupiñán et al., 2002;Prasad, 2005) are evaluated in the model. We find that the new atmospheric sources constitute a few percent of the total N 2 O source, but can account for $50-100% of the

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Oxygen isotope composition of stratospheric carbon dioxide

Cited by 101 publications

References 15 publications

Large and unexpected enrichment in stratospheric ¹⁶ O ¹³ C ¹⁸ O and its meridional variation

Large and unexpected enrichment in stratospheric ¹⁶ O ¹³ C ¹⁸ O and its meridional variation

Isotopic composition of Antarctic Dry Valley nitrate: Implications for NO_y sources and cycling in Antarctica

Sources of the oxygen isotopic anomaly in atmospheric N₂O

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Oxygen isotope composition of stratospheric carbon dioxide

Cited by 101 publications

References 15 publications

Large and unexpected enrichment in stratospheric 16 O 13 C 18 O and its meridional variation

Large and unexpected enrichment in stratospheric 16 O 13 C 18 O and its meridional variation

Isotopic composition of Antarctic Dry Valley nitrate: Implications for NOy sources and cycling in Antarctica

Sources of the oxygen isotopic anomaly in atmospheric N2O

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Product

Resources

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Large and unexpected enrichment in stratospheric ¹⁶ O ¹³ C ¹⁸ O and its meridional variation

Large and unexpected enrichment in stratospheric ¹⁶ O ¹³ C ¹⁸ O and its meridional variation

Isotopic composition of Antarctic Dry Valley nitrate: Implications for NO_y sources and cycling in Antarctica

Sources of the oxygen isotopic anomaly in atmospheric N₂O