The oxygen permeability of CaAl 0.5 Fe 0.5 O 2.5þd brownmillerite membranes at 1123-1273 K was found to be limited by the bulk ionic conduction, with an activation energy of 170 kJ/mol. The ion transference numbers in air are in the range 2 Â 10 À3 to 5 Â 10 À3 . The analysis of structural parameters showed that the ionic transport in the CaAl 0.5 Fe 0.5 O 2.5þd lattice is essentially along the c axis. The largest ion-migration channels are found in the perovskite-type layers formed by iron-oxygen octahedra, though diffusion in tetrahedral layers of the brownmillerite structure is also possible. Heating up to 700-800 K in air leads to losses of hyperstoichiometric oxygen, accompanied with a drastic expansion and, probably, partial disordering of the CaAl 0.5 Fe 0.5 O 2.5þd lattice. The average thermal expansion coefficients of CaAl 0.5 Fe 0.5 O 2.5þd ceramics in air are 16:7 Â 10 À6 and 12:6 Â 10 À6 K À1 at 370-850 and 930-1300 K, respectively.