Oxygen ashing and matrix modifiers in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric determination of lead in whole blood

Sodium arsenite, potassium arsenite, and Fowler's solution (arsenic trioxide dissolved in potassium bicarbonate) are equally active in the mouse bone marrow micronucleus assay ( 1 10 mg/kg by IPijection). The natural ore orpment (principally AS2S3) was inactive despite blood levels of arsenic of 300 to 900 ng/mL in treated mice at 24 hr. Sodium arsenite was active in three strains ofmice. It is suggested that the human lung cancer observed among arsenic ore smelters and the skin cancer among people exposed therapeutically to Fowler's solution, have, as their common origin, the genotoxic arsenite ion AsO;-. The difficulty experienced when attempting to demonstrate rodent carcinogenicity for derivatives of arsenic suggests that the bone marrow micronucleus assay may act as a useful assay for potentially carcinogenic arsenic derivatives.

show abstract

“…A L'Vov platform was used (18). The introduction ofoxygen during the ash stage was evaluated and rejected (19)(20)(21).…”

Section: Determination Of Arsenic In Bloodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenite as the Probable Active Species in the Human Carcinogenicity of Arsenic: Mouse Micronucleus Assays on Na and K Arsenite, Orpiment, and Fowler's Solution

Tinwell¹,

Stephens²,

Ashby³

1991

Environmental Health Perspectives

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Addition of O 2 or HNO 3 has been proposed for this purpose, with satisfactory results. [26][27][28] Therefore, 10 ml of nitric acid were added together with the chemical modifier. In these conditions, smoke coming out from the tube during the drying step confirmed that partial ashing of the sample occurs during this step.…”

Section: Addition Of Nitric Acidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct determination of sulfur in Bisphenol A at ultratrace levels by means of solid sampling-electrothermal vaporization-ICP-MS

Resano

Verstraete

Vanhaecke

et al. 2001

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is known that the accurate determination of ppm levels of sulfur in solid samples is very complicated. One of the approaches that have been evaluated in order to improve the detection limits for this element is the use of electrothermal vaporization (ETV) as an alternative means of sample introduction in ICP mass spectrometry. In this way, it is possible to achieve a significant decrease of the oxygen-based interferences. In this work, the possibilities of electrothermal vaporization ICP-MS for sulfur determination are extended one step further, as the direct determination of the analyte in two Bisphenol samples (about 0.3 and 2 mug g(-1)) is carried out. Bisphenol A is a precursor in the production of polycarbonate and epoxy resins, in which sulfur is present as an impurity. S-34 was the isotope selected for the determination. Palladium (0.5 mug) was found to be the best chemical modifier and is capable of both preventing analyte losses (up to a pyrolysis temperature of 400 degreesC) and improving the sensitivity. Some evidence as to the way in which it may act is also presented. Nitric acid was added as well in order to favour an efficient matrix removal prior to the release of the analyte. The resulting solid sampling-electrothermal vaporization-ICP-MS method combines very interesting features for this particular element: a high sample throughput (20-25 min per sample), a low limit of detection (4 mug g(-1)) and a reduced risk of analyte losses and/or contamination. Moreover, it presents some advantages over the dedicated sulfur analyzers that are very popular in the industry: low sample consumption (a few milligrams), multielement possibilities and the ability to use aqueous standard solutions for calibration. On the other hand, the overall method cannot be considered as very economic, but, for many laboratories that already own an ICP-MS instrument, the acquisition of an ETV device would be relatively inexpensive

show abstract

“…palladium salts [29], alternative gases such as hydrogen, freon and methane for matrix modification [30][31][32] and of oxygen or air for in-situ (Le. inside the graphite tube) decomposition ("ashing") [33,34]. Examples are the direct and accurate determination of cadmium in whole blood and urine [35,36], of cadmium and lead in crude oil and oil products [37] as well as in human and animal milk [38].…”

Section: Liquid Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sample Preparation: an Introduction

Stoeppler¹

1997

Sampling and Sample Preparation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Oxygen ashing and matrix modifiers in graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric determination of lead in whole blood

Cited by 49 publications

References 19 publications

Arsenite as the Probable Active Species in the Human Carcinogenicity of Arsenic: Mouse Micronucleus Assays on Na and K Arsenite, Orpiment, and Fowler's Solution

Arsenite as the Probable Active Species in the Human Carcinogenicity of Arsenic: Mouse Micronucleus Assays on Na and K Arsenite, Orpiment, and Fowler's Solution

Direct determination of sulfur in Bisphenol A at ultratrace levels by means of solid sampling-electrothermal vaporization-ICP-MS

Sample Preparation: an Introduction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About