Oxidative Stress in Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents

Faienza, Maria Felicia; Francavilla, Ruggiero; Goffredo, R.; Ventura, Alessandro; Marzano, Flaviana; Panzarino, Gianvito; Marinelli, Grazia; Cavallo, Luciano; Bitonto, G Di

doi:10.1159/000342642

Cited by 90 publications

(83 citation statements)

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“…Increased baseline prooxidation (or reduced antioxidation) markers in obese pre-and early pubertal subjects have been reported (6). Also, BMI in children and adolescents has been correlated positively and negatively, respectively, with pro-and antioxidation markers (19). The imbalance between pro-and antioxidation mechanisms observed in obesity might contribute to the pathogenesis of obesity and metabolic syndrome-associated comorbidities (6).…”

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confidence: 99%

Antioxidation improves in puberty in normal weight and obese boys, in positive association with exercise-stimulated growth hormone secretion

et al. 2015

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Background:Oxidative stress is associated with obesity while the evidence for the role of GH in pro-and antioxidation is inconclusive. This study investigates the relationships between growth hormone (GH), pro-and antioxidation in relation to obesity and puberty before and after an acute bout of exercise. Methods: In this case-control study, 76 healthy normalweight and obese, prepubertal and pubertal boys underwent a blood sampling before and immediately after an aerobic exercise bout until exhaustion at 70% maximal oxygen consumption. Markers of prooxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and protein carbonyls (PCs)) and antioxidation (glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione disulfide (GSSG), GSH/GSSG ratio, glutathione peroxidase (GPX), catalase, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)) and hormones (GH, insulinlike growth factor (IGF)-1, IGF-BP-3, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and testosterone) were measured. results: Baseline and postexercise TBARS and PCs were greater, while baseline GSH, GSH/GSSG ratio, GPX, and TAC were lower in obese than that in normal-weight participants. In all participants, waist was the best negative and positive predictor for postexercise GPX and TBARS, respectively. Baseline TAC was greater in pubertal than that in pre-pubertal participants. In all participants, baseline GH was the best negative predictor for postexercise PCs. Significant positive linear correlation exists between the exercise-associated GH, and GSSG increases in pubertal normal-weight boys. conclusions: Higher prooxidation and lower antioxidation were observed in obese boys, while antioxidation improves with puberty and postexercise, paralleling GH accentuated secretion.o xidative stress defines a state of imbalance between proand antioxidation within the cell (1). Prooxidation refers to mitochondrial and nonmitochondrial mechanisms, which generate reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), whereas antioxidation refers to the adaptive activation of enzymatic and/ or nonenzymatic mechanisms, which scavenge prooxidants and their products within cells and in extracellular body fluids (1). Because the direct measurement of RONS is difficult to perform, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and protein carbonyls (PCs) have been employed as markers of prooxidation (1). Glutathione (GSH) and oxidized glutathione disulfide (GSSG), the enzymes glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and catalase and the so-called total antioxidant capacity (TAC) have been employed as markers of antioxidation (2-4). Oxidative stress in humans has been associated with obesity and resulting comorbidities (1,5,6). Childhood obesity has been associated with oxidative stress even before comorbidities occur (6,7).Puberty is a maturation period in human development, when sexual characteristics and reproductive competence are developed (8). It is characterized by changes in the dynamically regulated hypothalamic-growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axes (9). ...

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confidence: 99%

Antioxidation improves in puberty in normal weight and obese boys, in positive association with exercise-stimulated growth hormone secretion

et al. 2015

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“…Remarkably, all of these comorbidities are likely to be associated with OSA. [28][29][30][31] To investigate whether intermittent hypoxia was related to the severity of systemic inflammation, we performed correlation tests for AHI and minimum oxygen saturation as the indicators of disease severity, and TAC, TOC, OSI, and MPO as predictors of inflammation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Among Oxidative and Anti-Oxidative Parameters and Myeloperoxidase in Subjects With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

et al. 2015

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BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent breathing disorder in sleep.It is characterized by intermittent hypoxia leading to hypoxemia, hypercapnia, sleep fragmentation, and increased respiratory efforts. We evaluated the relationship between OSA and myeloperoxidase activity, the oxidative stress index (OSI), total anti-oxidative capacity (TAC), and total oxidative capacity (TOC). METHODS: A total of 70 consecutive subjects (mean age ؎ SD: 51.7 ؎ 11.7 y) were diagnosed with OSA after a night polysomnography recording between January 2014 and June 2014 consecutively. The subjects in the OSA group were divided according to the severity of the disease into three subgroups, consisting of 11 mild, 17 moderate OSA, and 22 severe OSA subjects. Twenty subjects with simple snoring were considered as the control group. RESULTS: We included a total of 70 subjects: 50 with OSA (11 subjects 6.9% mild, 17 subjects 24.7% moderate, and 22 subjects 68.5% severe) and 20 subjects with simple snoring as control cases. The mean age of the mild OSA subjects was 44.5 ؎ 11.7 y, moderate OSA subjects' mean age was 52.5 ؎ 11.9 y, and severe OSA subjects' mean age was 52.1 ؎ 10.1 y; 54.2% were male. There were statistically significant differences among the 4 groups' OSI, TAC, and TOC levels, but there was no statistically significant difference between the other values. The mean myeloperoxidase, TOC, OSI, and TAC levels were 55 ؎ 12, 61.2 ؎ 21.1, 3.04 ؎ 1.04, and 2.03 ؎ 0.4 in the mild OSA group; 58.7 ؎ 17.2, 60 ؎ 18.9, 3.05 ؎ 1, and 2 ؎ 0.33 in the moderate OSA group; 56.6 ؎ 17.9, 52.1 ؎ 17.9, 2.7 ؎ 0.76, and 1.94 ؎ 0.24 in the severe OSA group; and 49.8 ؎ 12.5, 54.3 ؎ 16.4, 3.08 ؎ 0.88, and 1.78 ؎ 0.26 in the control group, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In our study, there were no differences in studied parameters between control and OSA groups. Furthermore, our low number of cases was a restrictive factor. Further studies should be undertaken to clarify this relation.

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“…Wellington Danilo Soares (3) , Daniella Mota Mourão (4) , Felipe José Aidar (5) , André Luiz Carneiro (6) (1) Integrated Schools of North's Minas -Funorte, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil. (2) Integrated Schools of North's Minas -Funorte, Montes Claros, MG, Brazil.…”

Section: Metabolic Syndrome and Its Association With Socio-economic Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The combination of factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and abdominal obesity is known as metabolic syndrome (MS) and its diagnosis comprises a combination of three or more factors 5 . Its prevalence is rapidly increasing among children and adolescents thus compromising their health as they grow into their adulthood 3,6 .…”

Section: Conflict Of Interest: Non-existentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Síndrome metabólica e associação com nível socioeconômico em escolares

et al. 2014

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Objetivo verificar a associação entre o nível socioeconômico e a presença de síndrome metabólica (SM) em escolares da rede pública da cidade de Montes Claros-MG. Métodos trata-se de estudo transversal, analítico. Foram avaliados 382 escolares entre 10 e 16 anos, a partir da amostragem por conglomerados. A condição socioeconômica foi dividida em alta e baixa e a SM foi diagnosticada utilizando os critérios da International Diabetes Federation. Para análise dos dados, utilizou-se o teste qui-quadrado (p < 0,05)e oddsratio (com intervalo de 95% de confiança). Resultados os escolares da classe socioeconômica baixa apresentaram alterações no estado nutricional e nos exames laboratoriais, o que contribuiu para presença da SM em 8,7% escolares. Conclusão a condição socioeconômica baixa contribui de forma significante para o diagnótico da SM e atua também na incidência dessa patologia, devido os seus pertencentes estarem mais expostos aos fatores de risco.

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Oxidative Stress in Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Children and Adolescents

Cited by 90 publications

References 77 publications

Antioxidation improves in puberty in normal weight and obese boys, in positive association with exercise-stimulated growth hormone secretion

Antioxidation improves in puberty in normal weight and obese boys, in positive association with exercise-stimulated growth hormone secretion

The Relationship Among Oxidative and Anti-Oxidative Parameters and Myeloperoxidase in Subjects With Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Síndrome metabólica e associação com nível socioeconômico em escolares

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