Oxidative Stress in Myopia

Bosch‐Morell, Francisco; Mérida, Salvador; Navea, Amparo

doi:10.1155/2015/750637

Cited by 94 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 117 publications

(123 reference statements)

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“…According to research needs, some scholars have carried out myopia research on the eyes of animals such as tree shrews [9,10], chickens [11], mice [12], rats [13], and guinea pigs [14]. Studies have confirmed that form deprivation (FD) in young animals leads to abnormal growth of the eye axis and the formation of obvious myopia [15,16]. Guinea pigs are widely used in the current research on myopia since the eyeball structure and emmetropization mechanism are similar to those of human myopia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphologic and biochemical changes in the retina and sclera induced by form deprivation high myopia in guinea pigs

Deng

Zhao

et al. 2020

BMC Ophthalmol

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Background: To study the morphologic and biochemical changes in the retina and sclera induced by form deprivation high myopia (FDHM) in guinea pigs and explore the possible mechanisms of FDHM formation. Methods: Forty 3-week-old guinea pigs were randomized into the blank control (Group I, 20 cases) and model groups (20 cases). In the model group, the right eyes of the guinea pigs were sutured for 8 weeks to induce FDHM (Group II) and the left eyes were considered a self-control group (Group III). The refractive errors were measured with retinoscopy. The anterior chamber depth (AC), lens thickness (L), vitreous chamber depth (V) and axial length (AL) were measured using ultrasonometry A. Retinal and scleral morphology and ultrastructural features were observed with light and electron microscopy. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the retina and sclera were detected with a chemical colorimetric assay. Results: After 8 weeks of stitching, the refractive errors of Group II changed from (+ 3.59 ± 0.33) D to (− 7.96 ± 0.55) D, and these values were significantly higher than those of Group I (+ 0.89 ± 0.32) D and Group III (− 0.55 ± 0.49) D (P < 0.05). The vitreous chamber depth (4.12 ± 0.13) mm and axial length (8.93 ± 0.22) mm of Group II were significantly longer than those of Group I [(3.71 ± 0.23) mm and (7.95 ± 0.37) mm, respectively] and Group III [(3.93 ± 0.04) mm and (8.01 ± 0.15) mm, respectively] (P < 0.05). With the prolongation of form deprivation (FD), the retina and scleral tissues showed thinning, the ganglion cell and inner and outer nuclear layers of the retina became decreased, and the arrangement was disordered. In Group II, the SOD activity was significantly lower than that in Group I and Group III; the MDA content was significantly higher than that in Group I and Group III. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggested that in the FDHM guinea pigs model, the refractive errors, the vitreous chamber depth, and axial length increased significantly with prolongation of monocular FD time, and morphological structural changes in the retina and sclera were observed. Oxygen free radicals might participate in the formation of FDHM.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphologic and biochemical changes in the retina and sclera induced by form deprivation high myopia in guinea pigs

Deng

Zhao

et al. 2020

BMC Ophthalmol

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“…30,31 Studies have also demonstrated that intravitreal injection of NOS inhibitors prevented the transient vision-induced increases in choroidal thickness and inhibits myopia recovery in response to normal vision. 32,33 The results showed that daily topical bendazol can slow myopia progression and downregulate HIF-1a expression in young rabbits, presumably linked to the interaction between NO and HIF-1a. Avascular sclera and the outer retina obtain oxygen and nutrients from the choroid, which has an abundant blood flow and they are susceptible to hypoxia and ischaemia; therefore we chose to investigate the changes of HIF-1a expression in the retina and the sclera.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Topical bendazol inhibits experimental myopia progression and decreases the ocular accumulation of HIF‐1α protein in young rabbits

Tong

Cui

Zeng

2020

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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Purpose To investigate the inhibitory effect of bendazol on form‐deprivation myopia (FDM) in rabbits as well as the underlying biochemical processes. Methods Forty‐eight 3‐week‐old New Zealand white rabbits were randomly assigned to three groups: a control group, a form‐deprivation (FD) group and an FD + bendazol group (treated with 1% bendazol in the FD eyes). Refraction, corneal curvature, vitreous chamber depth (VCD) and axial length (AL) were assessed using streak retinoscopy, keratometry, and A‐scan ultrasonography, respectively. Eyeballs were enucleated for histological analysis, and ocular tissues were homogenized to determine the mRNA and protein expression of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). Results Bendazol inhibited the progression of FDM and suppressed the upregulation of HIF‐1α. At week 6, in the control, FD and FD + bendazol groups, the refraction values were 1.38 ± 0.43, 0.03 ± 0.47 and 1.25 ± 0.35 D, respectively (p < 0.001); the ALs were 13.91 ± 0.11, 14.15 ± 0.06 and 13.97 ± 0.10 mm, respectively (p < 0.001) and the VCDs were 6.56 ± 0.06, 6.69 ± 0.07 and 6.61 ± 0.06 mm, respectively (p < 0.001). HIF‐1α was upregulated in FD eyes but downregulated in FD + bendazol eyes, while the mAChRs were the opposite. Conclusions In the FD rabbit model, bendazol significantly inhibits the development of myopia and downregulates HIF‐1α expression, which may provide a novel therapeutic approach for myopia control.

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“…Desjarlais et al (2019) found has-miR-152-3p in the choroid was overexpressed in an oxygen-induced retinopathy mouse model. Since evidence suggested oxidative stress may help explain the altered regulatory pathways in myopia (Francisco et al 2015), further studies are required to explore the function of has-miR-518d-3p and has-miR-152-3p in myopia development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression Profiling of Exosomal miRNAs Derived from the Aqueous Humor of Myopia Patients

Chen¹,

Hua²,

Woung

et al. 2019

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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Myopia is the most common refractive disorder in Eastern Asia. The development of myopia is associated with the cooperation of various ocular tissues. Exosomes in the aqueous humor (AH) have been implicated to modulate intracellular communications by transferring exosomal miRNAs and proteins between cells. These exosomal miRNAs and proteins are likely involved in the pathogenesis of various eye diseases. In this study, we aimed to explore human exosomal miRNA profiles and their roles in myopia development. AH samples were collected from 16 patients (8 myopia and 8 control) undergoing routine cataract surgeries. Exosomes were isolated from AH of each individual using the ExoQuick solution. The numbers and sizes of exosomes were not significantly different between the myopia and control groups. The individual exosomes of the same group were pooled to purify RNA. Unexpectedly, the myopia group contained 2.78-fold total RNA amount than that in the control group. Thereafter, miRNA profiles were analyzed using the OpenArray system. We thus found 15 myopia-specific miRNAs and four myopia-absent miRNAs. By using bioinformatics analysis, we identified six well-known myopia-associated genes that are potential targets of five myopia-specific miRNAs (has-miR-582-3p, has-miR-17-5p, has-miR-885-3p, has-miR-19b-3p, and has-miR-450b-5p). These genes are cholinergic receptor muscarinic 2 (CHRM2), cyclic nucleotide-gated channel beta 3 (CNGB3), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), adenosine A2a receptor (ADORA2A), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), and lumican (LUM). Moreover, CHRM2 may be a target of myopia-absent miRNA (has-miR-378a-5p). In conclusion, we show the expression profiles of AH-derived exosomal miRNAs and their potential roles in myopia development.

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Oxidative Stress in Myopia

Cited by 94 publications

References 117 publications

Morphologic and biochemical changes in the retina and sclera induced by form deprivation high myopia in guinea pigs

Morphologic and biochemical changes in the retina and sclera induced by form deprivation high myopia in guinea pigs

Topical bendazol inhibits experimental myopia progression and decreases the ocular accumulation of HIF‐1α protein in young rabbits

Expression Profiling of Exosomal miRNAs Derived from the Aqueous Humor of Myopia Patients

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