Oxidative stress and mitochondrial injury-mediated cytotoxicity induced by silver nanoparticles in human A549 and HepG2 cells

Xin, Lili; Wang, Jianshu; Fan, Guoqiang; Che, Bizhong; Wu, Yanhu; Guo, Sifan; Tong, Jian

doi:10.1002/tox.22171

Cited by 33 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Our results agree with HepG2 [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]43] and lymphocytes [21] literature data: the toxicity is strictly dependent on amount of NPs/cell.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…We speculate that probably generation of ROS in HepG2 cells is dependent on imbalance of homeostasis of glycans metabolism, as demonstrated for glucose [44,45]. The results of our study contradict the conclusion of other reports [14,34,39,40,43], suggesting the generation of ROS upon AgNPs treatment.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

“…Several reports show that AgNPs enter HepG2 cells localizing in the cytoplasm [34][35][36][37][38][39][40], nuclei [41] and mitochondria [35] at large amount irrespective of agglomeration state [35]. Current studies confirm the toxicity of AgNPs to HepG2 and the impact are very contradictory depending on different NPs sizes, coating types and amounts considered: in general, the smaller AgNPs enter into HepG2 cells more efficiently and are more toxic than the larger ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…A plethora of papers highlight HepG2 cells as very sensitive towards AgNPs more than other cell lines: irrespective of AgNPs sizes and coating types, HepG2 are more sensitive to nanosilver exposure than human colon carcinoma Caco-2 [38], human epithelial A549 [35,39], tumoral human HL-60 [43], liver primary [37] or human monocytes THP-1 cells [35]. In accord, we observe that HepG2 cells are more sensitive than lymphocytes to AgNPs: 30 nm-sized AgNPs-GS are significantly cytotoxic to HepG2 cells both at the highest and lowest concentration and at all times of exposure, whereas PBLs are sensitive to AgNPs only at highest NPs amount.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytotoxicity of β-D-glucose/sucrose-coated silver nanoparticles depends on cell type, nanoparticles concentration and time of incubation

Vergallo¹,

Panzarini²,

Carata³

et al. 2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. The use of silver NanoParticles (AgNPs) in several consumer commercialized products, like food contact materials, medical devices and cosmetics has increased significantly, owing to their antibacterial and antifungal properties. Even though the NPs are widely diffused, due to the great variety in size, coating or shape, controversial data on their possible detrimental health effects still exist. Herein, by performing an easy and fast green method synthesis, we used β-Dglucose/sucrose to stabilize AgNPs and avoid the release of cytotoxic soluble silver ions Ag + in the culture medium. The cytotoxic effects of these β-D-Glucose/Sucrose-Coated AgNPs (AgNPs-GS) was assessed on two cell culture models, which are human liver HepG2 and human Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes (PBLs) cells. AgNPs-GS, as determined by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analyses, had an average diameter of 30±5 nm, a spherical shape and were well-dispersed in the freshly-prepared solution. In addition, they were found spectrophotometrically stable throughout the experiment. Cytotoxicity, determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay, was evaluated by using two AgNPs-GS amounts, indicated as highest (10×10 3 of NPs/cell) and lowest (2×10 3 NPs/cell) concentration for 6, 12 and 24 h. The highest concentration of AgNPs-GS was significantly cytotoxic for both HepG2 and PBLs cells at all times, when compared with the negative control; conversely, the lowest amount of AgNPs-GS was toxic only for HepG2 cells. A significant increase of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels, determined by Nitro Blue Tetrazolium (NBT) reduction assay, was observed only in PBLs after treatment with NPs, by reaching maximum levels after the incubation with the lowest amount of NPs for 24 h. Significant morphological changes, depending on NPs/cell amount, characteristic of cell toxicity, like shape, cytoplasm, and nucleus alterations, were observed in lymphocytes and HepG2 cells exposed to AgNPs. The results indicate that HepG2 cells are more responsive to AgNPs treatment than PBLs. It is generally believed that cellular oxidative stress induces toxicity of NPs; however, in this study we did not detect any AgNPs-induced oxidative stress in HepG2, thus suggesting an alternative mechanism of toxicity in this cell line. In the whole, our findings suggest that AgNPs-GS-induced toxicity strictly depends on cell type, NPs amount and time of treatment.

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“…Our results agree with HepG2 [34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]43] and lymphocytes [21] literature data: the toxicity is strictly dependent on amount of NPs/cell.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Cytotoxicity of β-D-glucose/sucrose-coated silver nanoparticles depends on cell type, nanoparticles concentration and time of incubation

Vergallo¹,

Panzarini²,

Carata³

et al. 2016

AIP Conference Proceedings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In vitro cytotoxicity studies are often used to characterize the biological response to AgNPs, and the results of these studies may be used to identify hazards associated with exposure to AgNPs. Some important studies that have shown the toxic effects of AgNPs on different cell lines, including macrophages (RAW 264.7), including bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B), alveolar epithelial cells (A549), hepatocytes (C3A, HepG2), colon cells (Caco2), skin keratinocytes (HaCaT), human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKs), erythrocytes, neuroblastoma cells, embryonic kidney cells (HEK293T), porcine kidney cells (Pk 15), monocytic cells (THP-1), and stem cells [20,[108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117], are discussed below.…”

Section: In Vitro Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Impact of Silver Nanoparticles: A Review of the Biodistribution and Toxicity Following Various Routes of Exposure

Ferdous

Nemmar

2020

IJMS

653

354

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Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) have gained huge importance in technological advancements over the past few years. Among the various ENMs, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have become one of the most explored nanotechnology-derived nanostructures and have been intensively investigated for their unique physicochemical properties. The widespread commercial and biomedical application of nanosilver include its use as a catalyst and an optical receptor in cosmetics, electronics and textile engineering, as a bactericidal agent, and in wound dressings, surgical instruments, and disinfectants. This, in turn, has increased the potential for interactions of AgNPs with terrestrial and aquatic environments, as well as potential exposure and toxicity to human health. In the present review, after giving an overview of ENMs, we discuss the current advances on the physiochemical properties of AgNPs with specific emphasis on biodistribution and both in vitro and in vivo toxicity following various routes of exposure. Most in vitro studies have demonstrated the size-, dose- and coating-dependent cellular uptake of AgNPs. Following NPs exposure, in vivo biodistribution studies have reported Ag accumulation and toxicity to local as well as distant organs. Though there has been an increase in the number of studies in this area, more investigations are required to understand the mechanisms of toxicity following various modes of exposure to AgNPs.

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Genotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles with/without coating in human liver HepG2 cells and in mice

Wang

et al. 2019

J of Applied Toxicology

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With the rapid expansion of human exposure to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), the genotoxicity screening is critical to the biosafety evaluation of nanosilver. This study assessed DNA damage and chromosomal aberration in the human hepatoma cell line (HepG2) as well as the effects on the micronucleus of bone marrow in mice induced by 20 nm polyvinylpyrrolidone‐coated nanosilver (PVP‐AgNPs) and 20 nm bare nanosilver (AgNPs). Our results showed that the two types of AgNPs, in doses of 20‐160 μg/mL, could cause genetic toxicological changes on HepG2 cells. The DNA damage degree of HepG2 cells in 20 nm AgNPs was higher than that in 20 nm PVP‐AgNPs, while the 20 nm PVP‐AgNPs caused more serious chromosomal aberration than 20 nm AgNPs. Both kinds of AgNPs caused genetic toxicity in a dose‐dependent manner in HepG2 cells. In the micronucleus test on mouse bone marrow cells, in doses of 10, 50 and 250 mg/kg body weight administered orally for 28 days once a day, the two kinds of AgNPs have no obvious inhibitory effect on the mouse bone marrow cells, and the effect of chromosome aberration could be documented at the high dose of 250 mg/kg. These results suggest that AgNPs have genotoxic effects in HepG2 cells and limited effects on bone marrow in mice; both in vitro and in vivo tests could be of great importance on the evaluation of genotoxicity of nanosilver. These findings can provide useful toxicological information that can help to assess genetic toxicity of nanosilver in vitro and in vivo.

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Oxidative stress and mitochondrial injury-mediated cytotoxicity induced by silver nanoparticles in human A549 and HepG2 cells

Abstract: The dose-dependent cytotoxicity induced by AgNPs may result from an interaction of oxidative stress, DNA damage and mitochondrial injury in A549 and HepG2 cells. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 1691-1699, 2016.

Cited by 33 publications

References 30 publications

Cytotoxicity of β-D-glucose/sucrose-coated silver nanoparticles depends on cell type, nanoparticles concentration and time of incubation

Cytotoxicity of β-D-glucose/sucrose-coated silver nanoparticles depends on cell type, nanoparticles concentration and time of incubation

Health Impact of Silver Nanoparticles: A Review of the Biodistribution and Toxicity Following Various Routes of Exposure

Genotoxic effects of silver nanoparticles with/without coating in human liver HepG2 cells and in mice

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