Oxidative stress and DNA damages induced by cadmium accumulation

Lin, Aoxiang; Zhang, Xuhong; Chen, Meimei; Cao, Qing

doi:10.1016/s1001-0742(07)60099-0

Cited by 123 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…V. faba is well known as an excellent model plant and a useful biomarker for the detection of heavy metal pollution (Duan et al 2000). There were some reports on toxic effects of Cd on cell division (Grant 1994;Ü nyayar et al 2006) and antioxidative enzymes (Rosa et al 2003;Lin et al 2007). For the present investigation, we examined the toxic effects of Cd on nucleoli, cell division, plant growth activities of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in V. faba.…”

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confidence: 99%

Cadmium induction of lipid peroxidation and effects on root tip cells and antioxidant enzyme activities in Vicia faba L.

Zhang

Qin

et al. 2009

Ecotoxicology

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The effects of different concentrations (1-50 microM) of Cd on root growth, cell division and nucleoli in root tip cells, protective enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in Vicia faba were investigated in order to better understand the processes of Cd-induced senescence. The results indicated that lower concentration of Cd (1 microM) had no obviously influence on the root growth during 24-48 h treatment, but higher concentrations (5-50 microM) inhibited significantly after 48 and 72 h. The mitotic index decreased with increasing of Cd concentration and duration of treatment except for the group exposed to 1 microM Cd. Cd induced c-mitosis, chromosome bridges, chromosome stickiness and lagging chromosomes. The rate of aberrant dividing cells increased with prolonging duration of treatment and increasing of Cd concentration. On nucleolus, some particulates containing the argyrophilic proteins were extruded from the nucleus into the cytoplasm in the cells stressed by Cd and some were scattered in the nucleus. After the treatment with Cd (10 microM Cd, 48 h), the nucleolus did not disaggregate normally and still remain its characteristic structure during metaphase and the particles of similar silver-stained materials were localized on chromosomes. In leaves, Catalase (CAT) activity declined but Peroxidase (POD) activity increased with increasing of the duration of treatment. In roots, CAT activity increased with increasing of the duration of treatment, POD activity increased during early days and then declined. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity showed an upward trend with increasing of the duration of treatment after 3 and 6 days, then declined both in leaves and roots (9 days). SOD and POD had highest activities at 50 microM Cd in leaves. CAT activity was lowest at 50 microM Cd. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased with the increasing of Cd concentrations and duration of treatment in leaves. In roots, MDA content showed an upward trend with increasing of the duration of treatment at early time and then declined.

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confidence: 99%

Cadmium induction of lipid peroxidation and effects on root tip cells and antioxidant enzyme activities in Vicia faba L.

Zhang

Qin

et al. 2009

Ecotoxicology

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“…Experimental evidences suggest that the metal crosses the plasma membrane as bivalent ion, Cd 2+ , exerting an agonistic role against calcium ionic channels (Viarengo and Nicotera 1991;Rainbow et al 2005). Cadmium has been associated to: blockage of oxidative phosphorylation, glutathione depletion and antioxidant enzymatic activity inhibition, production of ROS, DNA damage, and inhibition of relative repair mechanisms, a general reduction of protein synthesis coupled to an increase in stress proteins (hsps), (Kesseler et al 1994;Shimizu et al 1997;Ercal et al 2001;Schröder et al 1999Schröder et al , 2005Lin et al 2007;Roccheri et al 2004). Cellular effects, modifications of biomolecules, modulation of DNA repair and genotoxic consequences induced by cadmium in human cells have been extensively reviewed elsewhere (Bertin and Averbeck 2006).…”

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Environmentally relevant cadmium concentrations affect development and induce apoptosis of Paracentrotus lividus larvae cultured in vitro

et al. 2008

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Sea urchin embryos and larvae represent suitable model systems on where to investigate the effects of heavy metals on development and cell viability. Here, we tested the toxic effects of low (10(-12 )M), medium (10(-9 )M), and high (10(-6 )M) cadmium chloride concentrations, mimicking unpolluted, moderately and highly polluted seawaters, respectively, on Paracentrotus lividus sea urchins offspring. Larvae were continuously treated from fertilization and inspected at time intervals comprised between 10 and 30 days of development. Delays and/or morphological abnormalities were firstly evident in larvae treated for 15 days with high cadmium (10(-6 )M) and for 25 days with medium cadmium (10(-9 )M). Major defects consisted in the reduction and lack of arms and skeleton elongation. No obvious differences with respect to controls were observed in embryos/larvae exposed to low cadmium (10(-12) M), even after 30 days of exposure. Using in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling assay (TUNEL) assay on larvae whole mounts, we detected apoptosis after 10 days of treatment with 10(-6) and 10(-9) M CdCl(2,) when no morphological abnormalities were recognizable yet. Supernumerary apoptotic cells were found in arm buds, ciliary bands, and apex. In conclusion, echinoderm embryos and larvae represent candidates of choice for the study of stress and defense mechanisms activated by cadmium exposure.

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“…The DNA damage caused by sweeteners may be associated with the generation of free radicals (reactive oxygen species), which cause DNA strand breaks and irreversible damage to proteins involved in DNA replication, repair, recombination, and transcription (Lin et al, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of the effects of some artificial sweeteners on human peripheral lymphocytes using the comet assay

Findikli

Türkoğlu²

2014

J. Toxicol. Environ. Health Sci.

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In this study, the genotoxicity of the artificial sweeteners acesulfame potassium, aspartame, saccharin, and sorbitol, which are used in food industry and by patients with diabetes, was investigated in human peripheral lymphocyte cells using the single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet) technique. Human lymphocyte cells were treated with the substances for three hour at each of the three dosages (1.25, 2.5, and 5 ppm). The chemical additives were studied, and the related DNA damages in the study group were compared to the control group for each of the treatment dosages. The DNA breakages observed in the comet assay were assessed in terms of tail moment and tail DNA percent using the comet parameters. The statistical and photographic analyses were performed using SPSS 15 and BAB BS 200 Pro software, respectively. Based on the results for the short-term in vitro treatments, the 4 different food flavorings were found to have genotoxic effects.

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Oxidative stress and DNA damages induced by cadmium accumulation

Cited by 123 publications

References 37 publications

Cadmium induction of lipid peroxidation and effects on root tip cells and antioxidant enzyme activities in Vicia faba L.

Cadmium induction of lipid peroxidation and effects on root tip cells and antioxidant enzyme activities in Vicia faba L.

Environmentally relevant cadmium concentrations affect development and induce apoptosis of Paracentrotus lividus larvae cultured in vitro

Determination of the effects of some artificial sweeteners on human peripheral lymphocytes using the comet assay

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