Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Parameters in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder Compared to Healthy Controls Before and After Antidepressant Treatment

Abstract

Results suggest that oxidative stress plays a role in depression and that antidepressant activity may be mediated via improving oxidative stress/antioxidant function.

Poor Physical Performance Predicts Future Onset of Depression in Elderly People: Progetto Veneto Anziani Longitudinal Study

“…37 Second, low physical performance and depression share some risk and pathogenic factors (particularly increased rate of oxidative stress 38 and inflammation 39 , and decreased sex hormone levels 40 ) that may influence the onset of depression. 14,41,42 Third, it may be that individuals with low physical performance level were socially more isolated, and so at higher risk of depression, with an increasing evidence base suggesting that social isolation is associated with depression. 43 Fourth, older adults with reduced physical performance are likely to have reduced functional mobility, be at increased risk of falls and therefore avoid more activities due to a fear of falling.…”

Depressive disorders: Processes leading to neurogeneration and potential novel treatments

“…More specifically, depressive disorders have been associated with increased levels of pro-oxidant markers, namely, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), F2-isoprostanes, malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased levels of anti-oxidant molecules, namely, glutathione (gamma-glutamyl-cysteinyl-glycine; GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (Maurya et al, 2016). Further, antidepressant response has been associated with decreased O&NS, suggesting a mediational role of O&NS reduction in the effective treatment of depression (Jimenez-Fernandez et al, 2015). As such, there has been great interest in further understanding the mechanisms sub-serving increased O&NS along with the potential novel drug targets these mechanisms may offer.…”

affron®, a standardised extract from saffron (Crocus sativus L.) for the treatment of youth anxiety and depressive symptoms: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

“…In another study, the administration of a saffron extract dose-dependently increased brain concentrations of dopamine, and at high doses increased glutamate levels; however, it had no effect on serotonin or norepinephrine concentrations (Ettehadi et al, 2013). The monoaminergic activity of pharmaceutical antidepressants such as serotonin reuptake inhibitors is well recognised; however, recent evidence suggests that they may also have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects (Jimenez-Fernandez et al, 2015;Wiedlocha et al, 2017). Saffron as an adjuvant agent may be particularly pertinent as there are adult studies suggesting that lower premorbid antioxidant levels (Baek et al, 2016), and higher inflammation are associated with increased non-response from antidepressant treatment (Eller et al, 2008).…”