Oxidative Stability of Biodiesel Fuel

Bannister, Christopher D; Chuck, Christopher J.; Bounds, M; Hawley, J G

doi:10.1243/09544070jauto1549

Cited by 54 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…99,100 The oxidation rate and products formed from all these processes are temperature and light dependent as well as dependent on the original fatty acid profile. 101 As oxidation deterioration advances, the …”

Section: Oxidative Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the properties and the structural configurations of fatty acid methyl esters on the properties of biodiesel fuel: a review

Gopinath

Krishnamurthy

Velraj

et al. 2014

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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Biodiesel is a renewable fuel that is suitable for both stationary and automotive engines. It consists of fatty acid methyl esters and fatty acid ethyl esters when vegetable oils are transesterified with methanol and ethanol respectively. The structural configuration and properties of individual fatty acid methyl esters can significantly influence the biodiesel properties. The purpose of the present work is to review the effects of the properties and the structural configurations of fatty acid methyl esters on various biodiesel properties. The structural configuration includes the molecular structure, the chain length, the saturated or unsaturated nature, the degree of unsaturation and the position of double bonds. Important properties of fatty acid methyl esters are reviewed, and a large number of data consisting of their reported values are given. The viscosity, the cetane number, the heat of combustion, the density, the bulk modulus and compressibility, the iodine value, the oxidative stability, the low-temperature properties, the boiling point, the lubricity, the saponification value, the surface tension, the specific heat, the latent heat of vaporization and the flash point are reviewed in the present study. The reported mathematical equations for estimating the properties of fatty acid compounds and biodiesel are presented. A few studies that recommend enrichment of a particular fatty acid (or acids) which is possible through genetic modification to improve the overall biodiesel properties are also cited. The contribution of a particular fatty acid (or acids) favours some properties while it has an undesirable effect on other properties. Hence the specification of one particular fatty acid profile to improve all the properties of biodiesel is not possible. Considering the low-temperature properties and the oxidative stability, a combination of both saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids is necessary. Therefore, it is important to decide whether a biodiesel should contain a larger amount of saturated fatty acid esters or unsaturated fatty acid esters in order to obtain better fuel properties. The inherent genetic modification of the fatty acid profile could be the best possibility for addressing several fuel property issues simultaneously.

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Section: Oxidative Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the properties and the structural configurations of fatty acid methyl esters on the properties of biodiesel fuel: a review

Gopinath

Krishnamurthy

Velraj

et al. 2014

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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“…The increase in viscosity with increasing oxidation of a biodiesel sample has been reported in previous studies. 22 The increase in viscosity has been related to a high level of biodiesel oxidation due to the presence of oligomers of high polarity and molecular weight forming undesirable deposits.…”

Section: Kinematic Viscositymentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermogravimetric Approach for Assessing the Oxidation Level of a Biodiesel Sample

Díaz‐Ballote¹,

Gómez-Hernández²,

Vega-Lizama³

et al. 2018

Quim. Nova

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Biodiesel, unlike diesel, is highly susceptible to autoxidation. This autoxidation is a major concern for a biodiesel producer. Various methods have been developed to estimate the degree of oxidative stability of biodiesel. These methods are useful to compare and estimate the oxidative stability between different biodiesel samples. However, an absolute value of the oxidative state will be more useful. In this study, we describe a method of estimating a figure that can be used as an indicator of the oxidation level. This indicator was determined from the thermal decomposition curve of biodiesel, as obtained from the thermogravimetric test. Biodiesel from waste cooking oil was oxidized at 80, 100 and 120 °C using different exposure areas (19.6, 63.6, and 153.9 cm 2 ). The percentage of oxidation, measured from low (80 °C, 19.6 cm 2 ) to highly aggressive conditions (120 °C, 153.9 cm 2 ), was in the range of 0.4 ± 0.1 and 23.5 ± 3.3. Kinematic viscosity was also measured for the oxidized samples, and a strong correlation (R 2 =0.96) was observed between the percentage of oxidation products and kinematic viscosity. In addition, the oxidative effect of temperature and area of exposure on the biodiesel samples was confirmed by ultraviolet spectroscopy.

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“…This can lead to solid deposits and the formation of contaminants including alcohols and acids, and these in turn can have a damaging effect on the engine of a vehicle. Research has shown that biodiesel is less stable than regular diesel due to an increased proportion of unsaturated molecules [23]. The stability of the biodiesel can be affected by many different parameters, including the composition, oxygen content and the presence of antioxidants.…”

Section: Oxidative Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Biodiesel from Vietnamese Waste Coffee Beans: Biofuel Yield, Saturation and Stability are All Elevated Compared with Conventional Coffee Biodiesel

Jenkins

Ellis

Lewis

et al. 2016

Waste Biomass Valor

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General rightsThis document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/pure/about/ebr-terms Abbreviations: VCS1, Vietnamese coffee sample 1; VCS2, Vietnamese coffee sample 2; VCS3, Vietnamese coffee sample 3; CC, Colombian coffee; FAME, fatty acid methyl ester. AbstractIn this study the suitability of biodiesel produced from spent Vietnamese coffee was examined. Previous work has demonstrated the geographical origin of the coffee beans has little effect on the composition and physical properties of the biodiesel derived from the spent coffee grounds. Vietnamese coffee, however, is roasted in a range of fats and oils to change and enhance certain flavours and as such has a unique fatty acid profile. The oil yield and biodiesel properties of three Vietnamese coffees were assessed and compared to a coffee of more typical composition -Colombian -as well as to more traditional biodiesel feedstocks (rapeseed, sunflower and palm oils). The yield of oil from fresh Vietnamese coffee oil was generally higher (12.0-14.0%) than the Colombian coffee (9.3%), while the oil yield for the spent Vietnamese coffee (9.3-10.4%) was comparable to the spent Colombian coffee grounds (9.5%). The unsaponifiable matter was also affected and was only present in low levels in the Vietnamese coffee (1.9-4.9%) compared to Colombian coffee (30.4% fresh, 21.4% spent). Vietnamese coffee biodiesel was more saturated than the Colombian coffee. Accordingly the biodiesel was more viscous and had a higher pour point than Colombian coffee biodiesel, with properties more akin to palm biodiesel. Vietnamese coffee biodiesel would therefore be a suitable feedstock for local use in Vietnam due to the more suitable climate and compatibility with the palm feedstock that is currently widely used. Practical applicationsIn this study, we assessed the variability and suitability of Vietnamese waste coffee as a source of renewable liquid fuel. Vietnam produces 15% of all coffee consumed globally, equating to 1.7 million tonnes annually, and its use provides a relatively pure waste stream that would facilitate its valorisation. It should also be noted that in biodiesel production, the feedstock accounts for >70% of the overall cost. Using a waste resource that is effectively free drastically improves the economic viability of this alternative fuel technology. Graphical abstractSpent coffee grounds from Vietnam is demonstrated to be a suitable source of biodiesel

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Oxidative Stability of Biodiesel Fuel

Cited by 54 publications

References 76 publications

Effects of the properties and the structural configurations of fatty acid methyl esters on the properties of biodiesel fuel: a review

Effects of the properties and the structural configurations of fatty acid methyl esters on the properties of biodiesel fuel: a review

Thermogravimetric Approach for Assessing the Oxidation Level of a Biodiesel Sample

Production of Biodiesel from Vietnamese Waste Coffee Beans: Biofuel Yield, Saturation and Stability are All Elevated Compared with Conventional Coffee Biodiesel

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