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a b s t r a c tExperimental investigation was carried out to study the combustion, engine performance and emission characteristics of a single cylinder, naturally aspirated, air cooled, constant speed compression ignition engine, fuelled with two modified fuel blends, B20 (Dieselesoybean biodiesel) and dieselesoybean biodieseleethanol blends, with alumina as a nanoadditive (D80SBD15E4S1 þ alumina), and the results are compared with those of neat diesel. The nanoadditive was mixed in the fuel blend along with a suitable surfactant by means of an ultrasonicator, to achieve stable suspension. The properties of B20, D80SBD15E4S1 þ alumina fuel blend are changed due to the mixing of soybean biodiesel and the incorporation of the alumina nanoadditives. Some of the measured properties are compared with those of neat diesel, and presented. The cylinder pressure during the combustion and the heat release rate, are higher in the D80SBD15E4S1 þ alumina fuel blend, compared to neat diesel. Further, the exhaust gas temperature is reduced in the case of the D80SBD15E4S1 þ alumina fuel blend, which shows that higher temperature difference prevailing during the expansion stroke could be the major reason for the higher brake thermal efficiency in the case of D80SBD15E4S1 þ alumina fuel blend. The presence of oxygen in the soybean biodiesel, and the better mixing capabilities of the nanoparticles, reduce the CO and UBHC appreciably, though there is a small increase in NO x at full load condition.

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The increase in energy demand and reduction in resources for conventional energy production along with various environmental impacts, promote the use of renewable energy for electricity generation and other energy-need applications around the world. Wind power has emerged as the biggest renewable energy source in the world, whose potential, when employed properly serves to provide the best power output. In order to achieve self-sustenance in energy supply and to match the critical needs of impoverished and developing regions, wind power has proven to be the best solution. However, wind power is intermittent and unstable in nature and hence creates lot of grid integration and power fluctuation issues, which ultimately disturbs the stability of the grid. In such cases, energy storage technologies are highly essential and researchers turned their attention to find efficient ways of storing energy to achieve maximum utilization. The use of batteries to store wind energy is very expensive and not practical for wind applications.Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) is found to be a viable solution to store energy generated from wind and other renewable energy systems. A detailed review on various aspects of a CAES system has been made and presented in this paper which includes the thermodynamic analysis, modeling and simulation analysis, experimental investigation, various control strategies, some case studies and economic evaluation with the role of energy storage towards smart grid and poly-generation.

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Due to rapid growth in semiconductor technology, there is a continuous increase of the system power and the shrinkage of size. This resulted in inevitable challenges in the field of thermal management of electronics to maintain the desirable operating temperature. The present paper reviews the literature dealing with various aspects of cooling methods. Included are papers on experimental work on analyzing cooling technique and its stability, numerical modeling, natural convection, and advanced cooling methods. The issues of thermal management of electronics, development of new effective cooling schemes by using advanced materials and manufacturing methods are also enumerated in this paper. .