Oxidative pyrolysis of integral softwood pellets

Olsson, Maria; Kjällstrand, Jennica; Petersson, Göran

doi:10.1016/s0165-2370(02)00058-x

Cited by 33 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…The proximate analysis of the wood waste samples are presented in Table 1 [16,17]. Table 1 shows that the percentage volatile matter ranged from 71.01 to 87.70%, with Nesogordonia papaverifera having the highest value while Lophira alata has the lowest value.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-chemical properties and energy potential of wood wastes from sawmills in Benin metropolis, Nigeria

2017

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The physico-chemical properties and energy potential of wood wastes were evaluated in this study. Wood wastes from five tropical species: Ekki (Lophira alata); Ohia (Celtis sp); Danta (Nesogordonia papaverifera); Omah (Cordia millenii) and Black Afara (Terminalia ivorensis) collected from sawmills across Benin Metropolis, the capital of Edo State, in South Western Nigeria were used as feedstock. Calorific values, moisture contents as well as proximate and ultimate analyses were performed to assess the energy characteristics of the collected wood wastes in accordance with the American Society for Testing and Materials: ASTM E872-82 and ASTM D4442-07. Results from the laboratory experiments and energy calculations revealed that the wood wastes used in this study contain relatively low moisture and ash contents, high proportions of volatile matter and carbon, high calorific values, low levels of sulphur and nitrogen as well as a sufficiently high value of thermal energy potential. The results are indications that the wood wastes are suitable as feedstock for renewable energy generation with little or no threat to the environment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physico-chemical properties and energy potential of wood wastes from sawmills in Benin metropolis, Nigeria

2017

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“…Pyrolysis of lignin produces a wide range of homologues of 2-methoxyphenol, including 4-methylguaiacol, and therefore these chemicals are naturally present in wood smoke (Guillén & Manzanosis, 2002;Olsson et al, 2003), both in the vapour phase and in association with particulates (Hawthorne et al, 1988). Hence, the repellent effect of wood smoke may result from 2-methoxyphenol and 4-methylguaiacol and/or related chemicals.…”

Section: -Methylguaiacolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shoo fly, don't bother me! Efficacy of traditional methods of protecting cattle from tsetse

Torr

Mangwiro

Hall

2011

Medical and Veterinary Entomology

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Abstract. Studies were made of the efficacy of using smoke and housing to protect cattle from tsetse (Diptera: Glossinidae) in Zimbabwe. The efficacy of smoke was assessed by its effect on catches in Epsilon traps baited with a blend of acetone, 1-octen-3-ol, 4-methylphenol and 3-n-propylphenol. The efficacies of different types of kraal (enclosure) were gauged according to the catches of electrocuting targets (E-targets), baited with natural ox odour, placed within various designs of kraal. Smoke from burning wood (Colophospermum mopane) or dried cow dung reduced the catch of traps by ∼50-90%. Kraals with a continuous wooden or netting wall, 1.5 m high, reduced catches of E-targets by ∼75%. Arrangements of electric nets were used to assess the numbers of tsetse attacking live cattle within kraals and/or near sources of smoke. The results confirmed findings with traps and E-targets: kraals reduced the numbers of tsetse that fed by ∼80% and smoke reduced the numbers attracted by ∼70%; the use of both reduced overall attack rates by ∼90%. The inclusion of 4-methylguaiacol, a known repellent for tsetse and a natural component of wood smoke, halved the catches of traps and E-targets and the numbers of tsetse attacking cattle. The practical benefits and difficulties of using repellents and/or housing to manage trypanosomiases are discussed.

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“…These three compounds were found to be the major methoxyphenols in smoke from choked burning of softwood biomass [7]. Flaming laboratory pot burning of softwood pellets gave rise to 4-methyl-2-methoxyphenol and 2-methoxyphenol as major methoxyphenols [5]. The relative proportions of specific methoxyphenols may be of interest because of their varying antioxidant effect [11], which may counteract health hazaJ.…”

Section: Emissions From Pellet Stovesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is therefore of interest to determine chimney emissions of specific organic compounds from pellet burning. Comparisons can then be made with primary thermal degradation products released from wood pellets [5], from firewood [6] and from forest biomass [7]. Comparisons can also be made with emitted volatile hydrocarbons from firewood [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific chimney emissions and biofuel characteristics of softwood pellets for residential heating in Sweden

Olsson

Kjällstrand

Petersson

2003

Biomass and Bioenergy

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Softwood pellets are mainly produced from sawdust and to some extent from wood shavings. The moisture content is typically less than half of that in firewood. The present annual residential use in Sweden for pellet burners in boilers and for pellet stoves amounts to more than 100 000 tonnes and is increasing rapidly. The total annual production capacity at the more than 20 units exceeds one million tonnes, and permits continued rapid replacement of firewood and petroleum oil for residential heating.With the purpose of characterising emissions to air, chimney smoke was sampled, and specific compounds were assessed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Benzene was the predominant aromatic compound in emissions from pellet burners. The smoke from stoves contained methoxyphenols with antioxidant properties and lower proportions of aromatic hydrocarbons. Observed differences in emissions from specific burning appliances are of interest with regard to both health hazards and regulation of emissions.Consideration of ecological aspects and pollution hazards indicates that wood pellets should be used primarily for residential heating, whereas controlled large-scale combustion is preferable for most other types of biomass waste.

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Oxidative pyrolysis of integral softwood pellets

Cited by 33 publications

References 15 publications

Physico-chemical properties and energy potential of wood wastes from sawmills in Benin metropolis, Nigeria

Physico-chemical properties and energy potential of wood wastes from sawmills in Benin metropolis, Nigeria

Shoo fly, don't bother me! Efficacy of traditional methods of protecting cattle from tsetse

Specific chimney emissions and biofuel characteristics of softwood pellets for residential heating in Sweden

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