Oxidative coupling of Amoxicillin using 4-Aminoantipyrine: Stability and higher sensitivity.

Abstract

Amoxicillin (AMX) is a semi-synthetic β-lactam antibiotic belonging to the group of penicillins. When ingested, it is partially (about 80–90%) excreted as chemically unchanged via faeces and urine into the domestic sewage and thence discharged to the wastewater treatment plants, which subsequently, removing this substance from the aqueous solution is important. Therefore, the aim of current study was to determine the effects of different optimum conditions of the oxidative coupling calorimetric methods for the quantitative determinations of Amoxicillin. Methods: Amoxicillin was determined via using colorimetric spectrophotometric method in the alkali medium and adding 4-aminoantipyrine to give a panic-colored chromophore which is spectrophotometrically estimated at 509 nm, at room temperature in the presence of ferricyanide ion. Beer’s law is observed in a concentration range 5-100 mgL−1 and linearity(r2=0.9994) according to the proposed conditions. Results: The best concentration of 4AAP was 0.3gm/100 ml and that of the oxidant was 0.3gm/100 ml at the same order. Conclusion: the best results of reagent 4AAP is 0.3g/ml to give high stability indeed highly more absorptivity to enhance measurements and reduce error.

Preparation a Magnetic Molecular Imprinted Polymer for Specific Adsorption of Pharmaceutical Pollutants

“…lnq e ¼ lnK F þ ð1=nÞ lnC e (10) ln ðq RP :K RP C e q e À 1Þ ¼ lnK RP þ b lnC e (11) Where C e (mg/L) and q e (mg/g) are the concentration and sorption capacity, respectively, at equilibrium. qmax (mg/g) is the maximum adsorption capacity and b is the Langmuir constant.…”

“…It is known that AMX degrades very little and bioaccumulates in the environment. [8,10] It is known that amoxicillin contained in pharmaceutical wastewater has a toxic effect on many organisms in the food chain and inhibits the photosynthetic mechanisms of organisms. [11] Harmful effects such as endocrine disruption and growth inhibition on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems have been found to occur in the environment where amoxicillin is present.…”

“…Amoxicillin (AMX) is the most commonly used drug substance among the β‐lactam antibiotics belonging to the penicillin group due to its high resistance against bacteria and its use in a wide spectrum against a wide variety of microorganisms. It is known that AMX degrades very little and bioaccumulates in the environment [8,10] . It is known that amoxicillin contained in pharmaceutical wastewater has a toxic effect on many organisms in the food chain and inhibits the photosynthetic mechanisms of organisms [11] .…”

Sucul ortamdan amoksisilin gideriminde hibrit adsorpsiyon / İleri oksidasyon performansının değerlendirilmesi

“…Son yıllarda yapılan bilimsel çalışmalar, ilaç endüstrisine bağlı ilaç tüketimi artışının, özellikle sucul ortamlarda, küresel ölçekte yeni toksik kirletici sorununu ortaya Amoksisilin (AMX), penisilin grubuna ait β-laktam antibiyotikleri içerisinde en sık kullanılan ilaç etken maddedir [10]. Bu ilaç etken maddeler, gram pozitif bakterileri etkilemenin ötesinde, gram negatif basillere karşı anti-bakteriyel enfeksiyon tedavisinde sıklıkla kullanılır [11].…”

“…Sci. 2022;11(1), 031-038 D. Öztürk, H. Mıhçıokur, kimyasal olarak değişime uğrar (metabolize olur) ve idrar ya da dışkı yoluyla kanalizasyona karışır [10]. Kanalizasyona karışan AMX, konvansiyonel atıksu arıtma tesislerinde çok az miktarda (%0.09) biyolojik bozunmaya uğrayarak alıcı ortamlara deşarj edilir [12].…”