Oxidative and biochemical responses in Brycon amazonicus anesthetized and sedated with Myrcia sylvatica (G. Mey.) DC. and Curcuma longa L. essential oils

Myrcia sylvatica essential oil in the diet of gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) attenuates the stress response induced by high stocking density

“…Plasma glucose levels were higher in fish fed with the 2.0 ml EOMS diet regardless of the stocking density. In fact, hyperglycaemia has been also observed in B. amazonicus specimens sedated with EOMS (Saccol, Londero et al., ) as well as in R. quelen anaesthetized with EO of Hesperozygis ringens (Toni et al., ), which strongly suggest that some of the constituents of several EOs can act as a catecholamine‐mediated glycogenolytic and/or cortisol‐mediated gluconeogenic promoter. Thus, the variation in blood glucose levels can be assumed as an adaptive response during the stocking conditions (Pankhurst, ), and also that metabolic downregulation or its reorganization after a long‐term adaptation to EOMS can contribute to the glucose homeostasis.…”

“…Similar results were found in R. quelen and Paralichthys olivaceus fed with diets containing rutin (Pês, Saccol, Ourique, Londero, Gressler, Finamor et al., ) and quercetin (Shin, Yoo, Min, Lee, & Choi, ), respectively, both compounds considered as important antioxidants. Regarding the effects of EOs, several studies have shown that these substances act as anaesthetics and prevent an increase in plasma cortisol levels in different fish species, supposedly blocking sensorial transmission to the hypothalamus, as well as the subsequent triggering of the hormonal cascade (Gressler et al., ; Iversen, Finstad, McKinley, & Eliassen, ; Saccol, Londero et al., ; Saccol, Toni et al., ). However, the exact mechanism underlying the effect of EOs on cortisol secretion remains unknown.…”

“…Cortisol is involved in several physiological processes, such as the regulation of metabolic pathways, behaviour, growth, reproduction and osmoregulation (Mommsen, Vijayan, & Moon, 1999 (Gressler et al, 2014;Iversen, Finstad, McKinley, & Eliassen, 2003;Saccol, Londero et al, 2017;Saccol, Toni et al, 2017). However, the exact mechanism underlying the effect of EOs on cortisol secretion remains unknown.…”

“…This species is known as “murta” in the Amazon region and is frequently used in popular medicine (Zoghbi, Andrade, Silva, Carreira, & Maia, ). Previous studies demonstrated that the EO of this species (EOMS) has anaesthetic and sedative effects in matrinxã ( Brycon amazonicus ) (Saccol, Londero et al., ) and tambaqui ( Colossoma macropomum ) (Saccol, Toni et al., ), associated with stress reduction as a consequence of decreased cortisol levels. Silva et al.…”

“…Previous studies demonstrated that the EO of this species (EOMS) has anaesthetic and sedative effects in matrinxã (Brycon amazonicus) (Saccol, Londero et al, 2017) and tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) (Saccol, Toni et al, 2017), associated with stress reduction as a consequence of decreased cortisol levels. Silva et al (2016) concluded that EOMS could be used in pharmaceutical formulations to control resistant bacterial strains or to prevent food spoilage, individually or in combination with traditional antibiotic products.…”