Oxidation of estrone by permanganate: Reaction kinetics and estrogenicity removal

Abstract

Permanganate was used as an oxidant to control estrone in the present study. Kinetics was determined at pH 2.5−9.4 and temperature 15-40°C for the reaction of estrone with potassium permanganate. It was found that the reaction is second-order overall and first-order with respect to both estrone and permanganate. The second-order rate constant for the reaction at pH 5.8 and 25°C is 44.45 L mol −1 s −1 . The reaction rate first decreased with the increase of pH in the range of 2.5−6.6 and then increased greatly with the increase of pH in the range of 6.6−9.4. In addition, the rate constant exponentially increased with the increase of reaction temperature. Removal of estrogenicity was also investigated during the degradation of estrone using yeast estrogen screen (YES). Results show that the estrogenicity increased in the initial 15 min of reaction and then decreased fast, with a removal rate of 73.8% within the 30 min of reaction. Results also demonstrate that the reaction rate between estrone and permanganate is faster in natural water background than in the ultra-pure water system. Permanganate oxidation is therefore a feasible option for removal of estrone in drinking water treatment processes. However, the contact time must be enough in order to remove estrone without causing the increase of estrogenicity. estrone, permanganate, rate constants, estrogenicity Citation: Shao X L, Ma J, Wen G, et al. Oxidation of estrone by permanganate: Reaction kinetics and estrogenicity removal.

Application of permanganate in the oxidation of micropollutants: a mini review

“…Yang [37] investigated the toxicity of degradation products using a yeast two-hybrid assay during the oxidation of bisphenol A with permanganate and revealed that the estrogenic activity increased significantly at the beginning of the reaction but finally disappeared after 90 min. Shao et al [35] also observed an increase in the estrogenic activities in the initial 15 min of estrone's reaction with permanganate and then a gradual decrease. They found that estrogenicity was removed by 73.8% within 30 min of reaction, higher than the removal of estrone within the same duration.…”

“…Hu et al [20] found that carbamazepine (CBZ) was rapidly oxidized by permanganate, and around 90% CBZ was oxidized by 75 μM permanganate in < 2 min. In addition, some researchers reported that the kinetics and mechanism of EDCs (i.e., estrone, triclosan, bisphenol A, and dichlorvos) degradation using permanganate in aqueous solution over a pH range of 5-9 [21,[35][36][37]. So far, however, there are only a few studies on the oxidation of pharmaceuticals and EDCs by permanganate in water treatment processes and environmental remediation, and thus, future work in this field is recommended.…”

“…Humic acids of different origins affected the oxidation of phenol and substituted phenols by permanganate to different extents, depending on the properties of HA as well as the position and amount of substitutes on the benzene ring [71]. It was also reported that the oxidation rate of bisphenol A and estrone using permanganate in tap water or filtered natural water background was significantly higher than that in ultrapure water system [35,37]. Therefore, the role of background matrices of real waters in the permanganate oxidation processes is far from clear and should be elucidated in the future studies, especially the influence of RS and ligands (i.e., Mn 2+ , Fe 2+ , and humic substances).…”

Kinetics study on the oxidation of chlorophenols by permanganate

“…aldicarb and dichlorvos) [13], polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (e.g. benzo (a)pyrene and phenanthrene) [14], and phenolic organics like bisphenol A and CPs [15][16][17]. Although permanganate probably does not efficiently mineralize these organic pollutants, it possibly oxidizes them to other organics that can be readily mineralized by other methods (e.g.…”

Degradation of progestagens by oxidation with potassium permanganate in wastewater effluents

“…Permanganate [Mn(VII); KMnO 4 ] is a relatively inexpensive and versatile oxidation agent with multiple applications in the degradation of multiples classes of contaminants, including phenolic and non-phenolic EDCs (dichlorvos, 4-t-butylphenol, estrone, triclosan and bisphenol-A) and various pharmaceuticals [24-28]. Permanganate may oxidize organic compounds through several reaction pathways, including electron exchange, hydrogen abstraction or direct donation of oxygen [29].…”