Oxidation of carbazole by shape-controllable Cu2O on MWW catalysis

Recent Advances and Challenges in Developing Technological Methods Assisting Oxidative Desulfurization of Liquid Fuels: A Review

“…Various types of photocatalysts, such as TiO 2 , , CeO 2 /TiO 2 , , CeO 2 /attapulgite (ATP)/g-C 3 N 4 , ATP-CeO 2 /MoS 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , TiO 2 /MoO 3 , Cu 2 O tetrapod/MWW, CuO rod/MWW, Cu 2 O–CeO 2 , BaFe 2 O 4 , Ag-AgBr/Al-MCM-41, Ti–Al–SBA-15, C/TiO 2 @MCM-41, graphene oxide (GO), Ag-BiVO 4 , Pt-RuO 2 /BiVO 4 , MoO 3 -TMU-5, C/TiO 2 @MCM-41, Ti 3 C 2 /g-C 3 N 4 , CeF 3 /g-C 3 N 4 , g-C 3 N 4 /ZnTcPc, MTcPc/SnO 2 , Ni–Co 2 layered double hydroxides (LDH)/Fe 3 O 4 , Ni–Fe 2 LDH, Co–Fe 2 LDH, Fe 3 O 4 @SiO 2 /Bi 2 WO 6 /Bi 2 S 3 , Cu/Cu 2 O/BiVO 4 /Bi 7 VO 13 , AgCl/PbMoO 4 , BiVO 4 (CoCuAl/BiVO 4 ), BiP 1– x V x O 4 /ATP, Ag 2 WO 4 /Mn 3 O 4 , Ag/AgI/α-MoO 3 , AgI/Bi 2 O 3 , and Ag–Bi 2 WO 6 , were employed in the PODS process.…”

Key Factors Affecting the Development of Oxidative Desulfurization of Liquid Fuels: A Critical Review

“…The presence of tungsten (IX) facilitates the donation of electrons to peroxo species, making them more nucleophilic. Some metal oxides such as TiO 2 , ZnO/TiO 2 /TiO 2 , , Cu 2 O-CeO 2 , Cu 2 O tetrapod/MWW, Fe 2 O 3 , TiO 2 /MoO 3 , and CuO rod/MWW can act as photocatalysts. TiO 2 , CeO 2 , and ZnO demonstrate excellent photocatalytic properties when exposed to UV light, although their wide band gap (more than 3 eV) has limited their activity in the visible region .…”

“…TiO 2 , CeO 2 , and ZnO demonstrate excellent photocatalytic properties when exposed to UV light, although their wide band gap (more than 3 eV) has limited their activity in the visible region . Cu 2 O is a p-type semiconductor with a band gap of 2.17 eV . Lu et al have used a TiO 2 nanotube, commercial CeO 2 , and CeO 2 /TiO 2 nanotube arrays as photocatalysts and H 2 O 2 as an oxidant for the desulfurization of model oil (DBT in n -octane).…”

“…Some ILs can act as both extractant and catalyst such as [Omim]­[HSO 4 ], [BPy]­[BF 4 ], and [EimC 4 SO 3 H]­NTf 2 . Some ILs can be applied as only catalysts such as [Cn­(mim) 2 ]­Cl 2 /mFeCl 3 , [EMIM]­[NiCl 2 ], [EMIM]­[CoCl 2 ], [EMIM]­[MnCl 2 ], [PW 12 O 40 ], − …”

“…57 Cu 2 O is a ptype semiconductor with a band gap of 2.17 eV. 58 They found that the CeO 2 /TiO 2 photocatalyst showed better performance in sulfur removal. More than 90% of the sulfur of model oil was removed within 5 h. Nitrogen-doped CeO 2 / TiO 2 nanosheets were utilized for the photocatalytic degradation of DBT, and 93.7% of sulfur was reduced under visible light irritation within 3 h. 56 Titanium dioxide has a good dielectric constant, although its wide band gap (3.2 eV) limits its function to ultraviolet range.…”