Oxidation behavior of carbon-carbon composites

Heh-Won, Chang; Rusnak, R. M.

doi:10.1016/0008-6223(79)90056-3

Cited by 40 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…In general, the oxidation mechanism of CFs below 600°C is mainly controlled by chemical reaction, while the rate‐controlling mechanism undergoes a transition from chemical reaction to diffusion above 600°C, which can be influenced by oxygen partial pressure, crystalline parameters, impurities, and so on . As the oxygen partial pressure and crystalline parameters of all samples remain almost the same in our study, it is speculated that Al 2 O 3 particles are responsible for the changes in oxidation behavior of CF.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…In general, the oxidation mechanism of CFs below 600 C is mainly controlled by chemical reaction, while the rate-controlling mechanism undergoes a transition from chemical reaction to diffusion above 600 C, 45 which can be influenced by oxygen partial pressure, crystalline parameters, impurities, and so on. [46][47][48][49][50][51] As the oxygen partial pressure and crystalline parameters of all samples remain almost the same in our study, it is speculated that Al 2 O 3 particles are responsible for the changes in oxidation behavior of CF. Considering the great difference between the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of Al 2 O 3 and CF, the sizes of the pores within Al 2 O 3 particles in CF could be increased by the effect of the expansion of Al 2 O 3 during the carbonization, and the void content in Al-doped CFs would be higher than that of CF-0 due to the contraction of Al 2 O 3 particles after carbonization.…”

Section: Effects Of Al On the Properties Of The Resultant Cfs Preparementioning

confidence: 89%

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Effects of doping aluminum chloride on stabilization and properties of polyacrylonitrile‐based carbon fibers

Chen

Lü

Jiang

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) gel fibers were immersed in 0–2.0 wt % aluminum chloride (AlCl3) aqueous solutions to fabricate Al‐doped PAN fibers and the resultant carbon fibers (CFs) on a continuous production line, and the effects of doping with AlCl3 on the stabilization and properties of PAN‐based CFs were investigated. The Al content in the PAN fibers and in the resultant CFs is 2800 and 5700 ppm, respectively, at 2.0 wt % doping solution concentration. Al compound particles were speculated to exist in the pores of PAN fibers, and they show strong inhibiting effects on both cyclization and oxidation reactions. However, the disadvantages can be overcome by a longer stabilization period or a higher stabilization temperature to produce CFs that have comparable mechanical properties with 2.98–3.20 GPa tensile strength and 210–220 GPa Young's modulus. Thermogravimetric analysis in air shows the weight of CFs increases remarkably from 19.0% to 59.3% at 850°C for Al content 0–1900 ppm, while it gradually decreases over 1900–5700 ppm.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 52%

Section: Effects Of Al On the Properties Of The Resultant Cfs Preparementioning

confidence: 89%

Effects of doping aluminum chloride on stabilization and properties of polyacrylonitrile‐based carbon fibers

Chen

Lü

Jiang

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…[1] is neglected, Eq. [1] becomes Eq, [4] it is assumed that At ~ ~/t [6] Inserting Eq. [6] into Eq.…”

Section: O X I D a T I O N O F T H E C / C C O M P O S I T E S --T H Ementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] becomes Eq, [4] it is assumed that At ~ ~/t [6] Inserting Eq. [6] into Eq. [5] d w R ---ksCR m ,~ c~'t [7] d…”

Section: O X I D a T I O N O F T H E C / C C O M P O S I T E S --T H Ementioning

confidence: 99%

Rate of Oxidation of Carbon Fiber/Carbon Matrix Composites with Antioxidation Treatment at High Temperature

Han

Ono

Gotō

et al. 1987

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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The carbon fiber/carbon matrix composites (C/C composites) are widely used in such systems as rocket nozzles, reentry shields of space vehicles, disk brakes, and heating elements. However, the unprotected C/C composites have very poor oxidation resistance even at temperature as low as 500~ In this work, the oxidation behavior of C/C composites without and with antioxidation treatments was studied in order to improve the oxidation resistance of C/C composites. The specimens were embedded in the mixture of chromium powder, alumina powder, and/or a small quantity of the activator of NH4C1. All the mixture was contained in a graphite crucible of $ 25 • ~b 15 • 35 mm and reacted at 1000~ under argon atmosphere for several hours. The addition of silicon carbide into the matrix of the C/C composites was also tried, It decreased the oxidation rate of the C/C composites under 600~ but had no effect on the oxidation rate over 600~ When the composites were oxidized without any antioxidation treatment, the matrix was easily oxidized compared with the fibers. The chromium coating by pack-cementation with the activator was very useful in preventing the oxidation of the C/C composites. The micromechanism of the coatiflg reactions is discussed on the basis of thermodynamic ~tabilit$ diagram of the Cr-C-C12 system. The chromium powder would produce chromium carbides by the reaction with the C/C composites. The HC1 dissociated from the NH4C1 would react with chromium powder and then produce chromous halide. This liquid chromous halide would react with the C/C composites and yield chromium carbide, Also, this chromous halide would further permeate the openings between the chromium carbide producing chromium carbides in deep sites of the composites. The dense layer of Cr203 would be formed by the oxidation of the chromium coatings, and thus it would prevent the oxidation of the C/C composites.

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“…Oxidation of the C/C composites under oxygen containing conditions .400uC will result in the degradation of their strength which is extremely crucial for the applications at high temperatures. [1][2][3] Recently, multilayer and functionally gradient ceramic coatings have been intensively developed by many methods including pack cementation, [4][5][6] in situ formation process, 7 plasma spray, 8,9 sol-gel, 10 chemical vapour deposition, 11 etc. Although ceramic coatings could protect C/C composites from oxidation at high temperature, it could not efficiently protect C/C matrix at low temperature, especially at 400-900uC for the existence of microcracks that generated in the coatings due to the mismatch of thermal expansion coefficient between the carbon matrix and ceramic coatings, and the microcracks could not be self-healed by the coatings at that temperature range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of temperature on phase, microstructure and oxidation resistance of carbon/carbon composites modified by hydrothermal treatment

Huang

Wang

Cao

et al. 2011

Surface Engineering

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Carbon/carbon (C/C) composites were modified by a hydrothermal treatment using phosphoric acid solution, B 4 C, SiC and Al 2 O 3 powders as infiltration fillers. The influence of the hydrothermal treatment temperature on the phase, microstructure and anti-oxidation property of the as modified composites was investigated. The phase composition and microstructure of the modified composites before and after oxidation were characterised by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy techniques. Results show that the oxidation resistance of the C/C composites is effectively improved after modified by the hydrothermal treatment. The mass loss of the C/C composites modified at different hydrothermal temperatures increases parabolicly with increased oxidation time, while the relationship between hydrothermal temperature and mass loss of the modified C/C composites after oxidation at 700uC for 10 h reveals a linear dependence. The mass loss of the modified C/C composites is only 3?69610 23 g cm 22 , which is much lower than 141?55610 23 g cm 22 of the non-modified C/C composites, after oxidised at 700uC in air for 10 h.

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Oxidation behavior of carbon-carbon composites

Cited by 40 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of doping aluminum chloride on stabilization and properties of polyacrylonitrile‐based carbon fibers

Effects of doping aluminum chloride on stabilization and properties of polyacrylonitrile‐based carbon fibers

Rate of Oxidation of Carbon Fiber/Carbon Matrix Composites with Antioxidation Treatment at High Temperature

Influence of temperature on phase, microstructure and oxidation resistance of carbon/carbon composites modified by hydrothermal treatment

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