Oviducal and Uterine Fluids

Beier, Henning M.

doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0370221

Cited by 173 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…During the "secretory phase" between Days 4 and 6 of pregnancy, the luminal epithelial cells exhibit characteristic protrusions of the cytoplasm into the uterine lumen in the the form of dome-like prominences (Meyer, 1970;Beier & Kiihnel, 1973;Davies & Hoffman, 1973,1975Beier, 1974;Barberini, Sartori, Motta & Van Blerkom, 1978). The dome-like projections, often called secretory domes, appeared to be attached to the cells or free within the uterine lumen : it has been suggested that they pinch off from the cells, degenerate, and release their contents into the uterine lumen.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of apical domes in the rabbit uterine epithelium during the peri-implantation period to endocytosis, apocrine secretion and fixation

Parr¹,

Parr²

1982

Reproduction

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Summary. The luminal surfaces of non-ciliated uterine epithelial cells of 17 rabbits on Days 4\p=n-\6of pregnancy were studied histologically with light microscopy, transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The luminal surfaces of most epithelial cells exhibited short microvilli and did not project into the uterine lumen. However, the surfaces of some cells showed fewer microvilli and bulged out into the uterine lumen, giving the cells a dome-like appearance. The domes appeared most frequently on Day 6 of pregnancy and contained a few ribosomes, mitochondria, and membranous elements; large vacuoles and granules were absent.The domes were not involved in endocytosis. Ferritin introduced into the uterine lumen was incorporated into the cells by coated micropinocytotic invaginations at the base of the microvilli, rather than by any activity of the domes. There was also no indication that the domes pinched off to produce an apocrine secretion. The size and frequency of domes were, however, clearly related to the fixation procedure. Epithelial cells from uteri fixed by vascular perfusion showed fewer and less prominent domes, while cells from uteri fixed by immersion displayed a larger number of domes that projected further into the uterine lumen. The domes in the rabbit epithelium therefore differ structurally and functionally from the apical projections (pinopods) that occur in the uterine epithelium of the rat and mouse during the peri-implantation period.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of apical domes in the rabbit uterine epithelium during the peri-implantation period to endocytosis, apocrine secretion and fixation

Parr¹,

Parr²

1982

Reproduction

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“…One component of uterine fluid that changes significantly with the stage of early pregnancy is the luminal protein fraction (Beier 1974;Gore-Langton and Surani 1976;Fishel 1979). In the mouse on day 3-5 of pregnancy, an increase in the concentration of the high molecular weight proteins has been observed (Gore-Langton and Surani 1976).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This environment is more complex than, and differs in the range and concentration of components from, the standard chemically defined media normally used for in vitro culture (Hamner 1971;Wales 1973;Beier 1974;Edirisinghe and Wales 1985). Changes in the environment may well be important in modifying the metabolism of glucose by embryos and be responsible for the differences in the turnover of glycogen in vivo as compared to its utilization in vitro.…”

Section: Introdnctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Environmental Factors on the Metabolism of Glucose by Preimplantation Mouse Embryos in vitro

Edirisinghe¹,

Wales²

1985

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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The metabolism of glucose by late pre implantation mouse embryos was studied in a variety of media whose composition had been changed to reflect the environmental conditions in the uterus more closely than do standard culture media. The effects of combinations of energy substrates, the presence or absence of amino acids and the level of potassium in the medium were investigated.The use of energy substrates for in vitro culture at levels present in the uterine environment resulted in rates of synthesis and degradation of glycogen pools similar to those obtained using standard in vitro culture conditions but elevated incorporation into non-glycogen macromolecules. Amino acids influenced the metabolism of glucose by limiting the entry of glucose carbon into the non-glycogen macromolecular pool and directing more glucose into the synthesis of acid-soluble glycogen.Increasing the K + concentration to 60 mM in the culture medium caused a small but significant increase in the number of eight-cell embryos degenerating during culture for 24 h but the metabolism of glucose was unaffected over this time. At the time of morula transformation to the blastocyst this level of potassium ions suppressed glycogen synthesis by 50% over 5 h but did not affect its turnover during chase culture.It is concluded that factors other than those studied here contribute to the maintenance of the low glycogen levels found in uterine embryos. IntrodnctionEarlier work (Ozias and Stern 1973;Ozias and Weitlauf 1971;Snyder et al. 1971;Edirisinghe et al. 1984aEdirisinghe et al. , 1984b indicates that the uterine environment influences the metabolism of late preimplantation mouse embryos and in particular the utilization of glycogen stores. This environment is more complex than, and differs in the range and concentration of components from, the standard chemically defined media normally used for in vitro culture (Hamner 1971;Wales 1973;Beier 1974; Edirisinghe and Wales 1985). Changes in the environment may well be important in modifying the metabolism of glucose by embryos and be responsible for the differences in the turnover of glycogen in vivo as compared to its utilization in vitro.The possible control of glycogen metabolism by the level of exogenous energy substrate has been studied using different concentrations of the major energy substrates, glucose, lactate and pyruvate (Pike and Wales 1982). It is clear from this study that embryos, especially at the late preimplantation stages, have the ability to synthesize large amounts of glycogen and that the presence of the alternative energy substrates, lactate and pyruvate during culture influences the synthesis of glycogen, particularly when the medium contains a low concentration of glucose. Recently, the levels of lactate, pyruvate and glucose in the uterine fluid of mice have been measured and found 0004-9417/85/040411 $02.00

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“…Krishnan & Daniel (1967) reported the presence of blastokinin in the rabbit uterus, at high concentration during the first week post coitum. This protein, which is also known as uteroglobin (Beier, 1968(Beier, , 1974 and cone protein (Feigelson, 1976), was thought to induce cavitation in rabbit blastocysts in vitro (Krishnan & Daniel, 1967). Although this conclusion has been disputed by Maurer & Beier (1976), blastokinin may still have some indirect embryotrophic effect, perhaps associated with its postulated role as a progesterone carrier (Beier, 1976;Beato, 1977).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%