Overview on domestication, breeding, genetic gain and improvement of tuber quality traits of potato using fast forwarding technique (GWAS): A review

Abstract

Tuber quality is the subject of great interest among the processing industry and consumers worldwide. Being a polygenic trait, its enhancement requires a systematic understanding of their genetic complexity. Molecular genetics offered valuable solutions to the challenging endeavours of slow genetic gains in conventional potato breeding. With the advent of linkage maps, molecular markers and availability of next‐generation sequencing (NGS) platforms, the plant breeding programmes worldwide have achieved faster genetic gain due to marker‐assisted selection (MAS). Linkage mapping detects QTLs in biparental population; alternatively, genomic and phenotypic differences can be identified by extensive genotyping and phenotyping of a germplasm panel depicting natural biological diversity to reveal QTLs, in other words, marker‐trait associations. Due to advancements in the fields of genome sequencing and bioinformatics, researchers have preferred to use the genome‐wide association mapping (GWAS) method for detecting QTLs due to its higher resolution. In potato, GWAS identified causative allele(s)/loci and provides reliable platform for the development of diagnostic SNP markers by employing Infinium SolCAP SNP array. Later, KASP validation markers can be developed to be used as selection markers in order to bred improved cultivars. The current review focuses on recently used approaches for genetic analyses (linkage mapping or association mapping) regarding potato tuber quality traits, provides comprehensive knowledge about breeding, genetic gain, basic genetic and statistical GWAS concepts and subsequently highlights the genetic discoveries using GWAS and KASP markers.

Phenotypic and molecular analyses in diploid and tetraploid genotypes of Solanum tuberosum L. reveal promising genotypes and candidate genes associated with phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid contents, and antioxidant activity

“…In the present work, GWAS could dissect the genetic basis of the natural variation of phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid content, and antioxidant activity in potato tubers. So far, few studies have evaluated the genetic control of secondary metabolites in potatoes ( Parra-Galindo et al., 2019 ; Parra-Galindo et al., 2021 ), and few reports studied the genetics of quality traits such as fry color and starch content ( Schönhals et al., 2017 ; Byrne et al., 2020 ; Naeem et al., 2021 ). Then, until this moment, this could be the first GWAS that identified STAs and QTNs that flanked genes with a possible genetic association with TPC, AA, and AAC in potatoes using diploid and tetraploid genotypes.…”

Biotechnological Advances to Improve Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crops

“…GBS provides a rapid and low-cost tool to genotype breeding populations, allowing plant breeders to implement GWAS, genomic diversity studies, genetic linkage analysis, molecular marker discovery, genomic selection (GS), and epigenetic variations under large-scale plant breeding programs [ 92 , 182 , 183 , 184 , 185 , 186 , 187 , 188 , 189 , 190 , 191 , 192 , 193 , 194 , 195 , 196 , 197 , 198 , 199 , 200 , 201 , 202 ].…”

Recent Advances in Molecular Improvement for Potato Tuber Traits

“…When gene identification tools combined with advanced biotechnological tools such as genome editing, incorporating the genes into the breeding program becomes fast [ 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 ]. Though there are many approaches to making transgenics, only four main approaches will be discussed here: Conventional transgenic approaches of potato breeding include incorporation of a transgene via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation or any other vector for stable expression of a gene; RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated transgenics is made to decrease the expression of undesirable traits by adding sense and antisense of the target gene with an intronic sequence.…”