Overview of the Mycorrhizal Fungi in South America

Lugo, Mónica A.; Pagano, Marcela C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-15228-4_1

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 117 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…All of these studies used spores to identify AMF, and based on that, the results show a high level of agreement with dominant representatives of the Glomeraceae and Acaulosporaceae. A better understanding of AMF communities is of utter importance to understand ecosystem dynamics and dependencies and to protect the remaining forests (Lugo & Pagano 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global AM fungi are dominating mycorrhizal communities in a tropical premontane dry forest in Laipuna, South Ecuador

Haug

Setaro²,

Suárez

2021

Mycol Progress

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Tropical dry forests are an intricate ecosystem with special adaptations to periods of drought. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are essential for plant survival in all terrestrial ecosystems but might be of even greater importance in dry forests as plant growth is limited due to nutrient and water deficiency during the dry season. Tropical dry forests in Ecuador are highly endangered, but studies about AMF communities are scarce. We investigated the AMF community of a premontane semi-deciduous dry forest in South Ecuador during the dry season. We estimated AMF diversity, distribution, and composition of the study site based on operational taxonomic units (OTUs) and compared the results to those from the tropical montane rainforest and páramo in South Ecuador. OTU delimitation was based on part of the small ribosomal subunit obtained by cloning and Sanger sequencing. Nearly all OTUs were Glomeraceae. The four frequent OTUs were Glomus, and comparison with the MaarjAM database revealed these to be globally distributed with a wide range of ecological adaptations. Several OTUs are shared with virtual taxa from dry forests in Africa. Ordination analysis of AMF communities from the tropical dry and montane rainforests in South Ecuador revealed a unique AMF community in the dry forest with only few overlapping OTUs. Most OTUs that were found in both dry and rainforests and on the two continents were globally distributed Glomus.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global AM fungi are dominating mycorrhizal communities in a tropical premontane dry forest in Laipuna, South Ecuador

Haug

Setaro²,

Suárez

2021

Mycol Progress

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…We also need a better understanding of feedbacks between vegetation, fauna, soil microbiota, and soil properties (Suding et al 2004). Mycorrhiza, soil microbes (Lugo & Pagano 2019), ants (Parr et al 2016), large herbivores, including livestock (Veblen 2012; Hempson et al 2015; Fritz 2017), and nurse plants (Gómez‐Aparicio 2009) have been shown to play important roles in enhancing target species establishment and persistence, but we still lack proper identification of key ecological engineers with the potential to maximize plant establishment in most TGB. Examining the role of microorganisms in the establishment of TGB species is worthy given recent evidence that restoration outcomes can be improved by reintroducing mycorrhizal fungi from the native plant microbiome in temperate grassy ecosystems (Koziol et al 2018).…”

Section: Maximizing Plant Establishment and Ecosystem Sustainabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A research agenda for the restoration of tropical and subtropical grasslands and savannas

Buisson

Fidelis

Overbeck

et al. 2020

Restoration Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Despite growing recognition of the conservation value of grassy biomes, our understanding of how to restore biodiverse tropical and subtropical grassy biomes (grasslands and savannas; TGB) remains limited. Several tools have recently been identified for TGB restoration, including prescribed fires, appropriate management of livestock and wild herbivores, tree cutting and shrub removal, invasive species control, and the reintroduction of native grasses and forbs via seeding or transplants. However, additional research for improved TGB restoration is needed. This article aims to identify ecological research priorities for TGB restoration. The following points are crucial to scale up TGB restoration and meet the challenges of the UN Restoration Decade. Research should focus on: disentangling the reasons why TGB are often undervalued and misunderstood; mapping TGB restoration opportunities; identifying regions where TGB and other biomes naturally exist as alternative stable states; recognizing areas with natural regeneration potential to avoid unnecessary intervention; restoring soil conditions; disentangling factors driving low seed quality, determining germination requirements and developing vegetative propagation techniques for TGB species; disentangling the limiting factors and key ecological processes underlying seedling establishment and community assembly; improving and validating long‐term management to mimic natural disturbance regimes; setting the minimum attributes of desirable TGB in terms of structure, composition, functioning, and resilience; and improving monitoring of restoration outcomes. Such research has the potential to advance theory, policy, and practice in TGB restoration, ultimately resulting in long‐term benefits for people and nature in some of the more neglected ecosystems of our planet.

show abstract

“…According to Marinho et al (2018), tropical forests harbor 75% of all Glomeromycotina species known to date and might therefore be considered hotspots for AMF diversity. Furthermore, it has been proposed that the highest number of undescribed fungal species could be found in tropical biodiversity hot spots (Lugo and Pagano, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although this exchange is considered a costly investment for the host plant, it is through this reciprocal exchange that both partners can meet their important physiological needs. Physical-chemical soil properties on the one hand, and edaphic factors like soil pH, water content, acidity, and soil aeration on the other hand determine AMF species richness and community structure ( Wang et al., 1993 ; de Oliveira Freitas et al., 2014 ; Lugo and Pagano, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the mycobiome and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with the rizosphere of the genus Inga in the pristine Ecuadorian Amazon

Arévalo-Granda

Hickey-Darquea²,

Prado-Vivar³

et al. 2023

Front. Fungal Biol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study explored the composition of the mycobiome in the rhizosphere of Inga seedlings in two different but neighboring forest ecosystems in the undisturbed tropical Amazon rainforest at the Tiputini Biodiversity Station in Ecuador. In terra firme plots, which were situated higher up and therefore typically outside of the influence of river floods, and in várzea plots, the lower part of the forest located near the riverbanks and therefore seasonally flooded, tree seedlings of the genus Inga were randomly collected and measured, and the rhizosphere soils surrounding the root systems was collected. Members of the Fabaceae family and the genus Inga were highly abundant in both forest ecosystems. Inga sp. seedlings collected in terra firme showed a lower shoot to root ratio compared to seedlings that were collected in várzea, suggesting that Inga seedlings which germinated in várzea soils could invest more resources in vegetative growth with shorter roots. Results of the physical-chemical properties of soil samples indicated higher proportions of N, Mo, and V in terra firme soils, whereas várzea soils present higher concentrations of all other macro- and micronutrients, which confirmed the nutrient deposition effect of seasonal flooding by the nearby river. ITS metabarcoding was used to explore the mycobiome associated with roots of the genus Inga. Bioinformatic analysis was performed using Qiime 2 to calculate the alpha and beta diversity, species taxonomy and the differential abundance of fungi and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The fungal community represented 75% of the total ITS ASVs, and although present in all samples, the subphylum Glomeromycotina represented 1.42% of all ITS ASVs with annotations to 13 distinct families, including Glomeraceae (72,23%), Gigasporaceae (0,57%), Acaulosporaceae (0,49%). AMF spores of these three AMF families were morphologically identified by microscopy. Results of this study indicate that AMF surround the rhizosphere of Inga seedlings in relatively low proportions compared to other fungal groups but present in both terra firme and várzea Neotropical ecosystems.

show abstract

Overview of the Mycorrhizal Fungi in South America

Cited by 4 publications

References 117 publications

Global AM fungi are dominating mycorrhizal communities in a tropical premontane dry forest in Laipuna, South Ecuador

Global AM fungi are dominating mycorrhizal communities in a tropical premontane dry forest in Laipuna, South Ecuador

A research agenda for the restoration of tropical and subtropical grasslands and savannas

Exploring the mycobiome and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi associated with the rizosphere of the genus Inga in the pristine Ecuadorian Amazon

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About