Overview of the Full-scale Radiological Dispersal Device Field Trials

Green, Anna Rae; Erhardt, Lorne; Lebel, Luke S.; Duke, M. B.; Jones, Trevor; White, Dan; Quayle, Debora

doi:10.1097/hp.0000000000000503

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…An element of volume is defined as the volume of cloud particulates in a given extinction Table 2. Wind speed and direction; 5-min averages, post detonation (Green et al 2016 ig. 2.…”

Section: Vertical Scan and Definition Of Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fig. 2 illustrates the position of the vertical sweeps in reference to the detonation point and the MET [meteorological tower 2, Green et al (2016), reports the general setup]. The scans were performed at Du = 1°to the right of the met tower.…”

Section: Vertical Scan and Definition Of Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The scanning lidar is referred to as the RDDC Valcartier Laser Cloud Mapper (LCM). A complete description of the trial setup is reported in other papers of this special issue on RDD trials (Green et al 2016). The trials studied are referred to here as RDD-C1 and RDD-C2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scanning Lidar Measurements of the Full-Scale RDD Field Trial Puff Plumes

Cao

Roy

2016

Health Physics

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A vertically scanning lidar (light/radar) was used to measure the time evolution of clouds generated by a small explosive device. Vertical sweeps were performed at a downwind distance of 105 m from the detonation. The measured quantity obtained from the lidar was the light extinction coefficient. This quantity is directly proportional to the aerosol concentration. The background aerosol value was set to 0.0001 m (-1) (assuming a visibility of 40 km), and assuming the scattering properties of the explosively generated cloud is the same as the background aerosol, the authors found that the instantaneous maximal local concentration of aerosol in the cloud did not exceed 500 times the background aerosol value, and the instantaneous concentration was typically less than five times the background aerosol value. In the two trials that were done, the volumes of the clouds were reasonably close at 2,700 m(3) and 4,000 m(3), respectively.

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“…An element of volume is defined as the volume of cloud particulates in a given extinction Table 2. Wind speed and direction; 5-min averages, post detonation (Green et al 2016 ig. 2.…”

Section: Vertical Scan and Definition Of Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vertical Scan and Definition Of Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scanning Lidar Measurements of the Full-Scale RDD Field Trial Puff Plumes

Cao

Roy

2016

Health Physics

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“…Measurements of the subsequent dispersion and deposition were made using multiple experimental techniques, details of which can be found in the overview papers in this special issue of Health Physics (Green et al 2016;Erhardt et al 2016). The data used in this model comparison study are briefly described here.…”

Section: Experimental Test Seriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center Dispersion Modeling of the Full-scale Radiological Dispersal Device (FSRDD) Field Trials

Neuscamman

2016

Health Physics

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The results of the National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center (NARAC) model simulations are compared to measured data from the Full-Scale Radiological Dispersal Device (FSRDD) field trials. The series of explosive radiological dispersal device (RDD) experiments was conducted in 2012 by Defence Research and Development Canada (DRDC) and collaborating organizations. During the trials, a wealth of data was collected, including a variety of deposition and air concentration measurements. The experiments were conducted with one of the stated goals being to provide measurements to atmospheric dispersion modelers. These measurements can be used to facilitate important model validation studies. For this study, meteorological observations recorded during the tests are input to the diagnostic meteorological model, ADAPT, which provides 3-D, time-varying mean wind and turbulence fields to the LODI dispersion model. LODI concentration and deposition results are compared to the measured data, and the sensitivity of the model results to changes in input conditions (such as the particle activity size distribution of the source) and model physics (such as the rise of the buoyant cloud of explosive products) is explored. The NARAC simulations predicted the experimentally measured deposition results reasonably well considering the complexity of the release. Changes to the activity size distribution of the modeled particles can improve the agreement of the model results to measurement.

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“…Various aspects of an RDD attack have been already studied both computationally [5,6,[11][12][13] and experimentally [14][15][16]. As pointed out by Magill et al [8], to estimate the consequences of an RDD attack, "one needs to quantify the type of radioactive material (the source term) and to model the dispersion under the meteorological conditions at the time of the detonation".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges for Physics-Based Models of a Radionuclide Dispersal Device

Hummel

Ivan

2019

CNL Nuclear Review

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A “dirty bomb” is a type of hypothetical radiological dispersal device (RDD) that has been the subject of significant safety and security concerns given the disruption that would result in a postulated terrorist attack. Reliable and accurate predictions of dispersion of radiological material from an RDD are absolutely necessary for first responders and emergency decision makers to plan effective response strategies. Development of high-fidelity, mechanistic models of a dirty bomb are complicated because dispersion over areas with the greatest risk of contamination is highly sensitive to the source of contaminant particles, and this source term is governed by processes over much smaller temporal and spatial length scales than the dispersion. New work on accelerating high-fidelity models of RDDs has been initiated that looks to incorporate the multiscale aspects of the problem and enhance predictive capabilities that may assist in anti-terrorism activities.

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Overview of the Full-scale Radiological Dispersal Device Field Trials

Cited by 30 publications

References 15 publications

Scanning Lidar Measurements of the Full-Scale RDD Field Trial Puff Plumes

Scanning Lidar Measurements of the Full-Scale RDD Field Trial Puff Plumes

National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center Dispersion Modeling of the Full-scale Radiological Dispersal Device (FSRDD) Field Trials

Challenges for Physics-Based Models of a Radionuclide Dispersal Device

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