Overview of Neurotrauma and Sensory Loss

Mehkri, Yusuf; Hanna, Chadwin; Sriram, Sriniwas; Reddy, Ramya; Hernandez, Jairo S.; Valisno, Jeff A; Lucke‐Wold, Brandon

doi:10.47363/jnrrr/2022(4)158

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 65 publications

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“…Furthermore, the Trx1 recombinant protein might be employed as an early preventative medicine in medical rehabilitation treatment following neurotrauma, both in hospitalized and outpatients, enhancing physical, sensory, and cognitive functions, which could aid the patient's quick recovery (Findlay et al., 2022). Trx1, for example, may offer otoprotection by inactivating apoptosis and lowering oxidative stress (Lu & Holmgren, 2014), processes that contribute to hearing loss caused by sonic trauma and electrode insertion (Mehkri et al., 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of thioredoxin‐1 in a rat model of traumatic brain injury depending on diurnal variation

Noriega‐Navarro,

Martínez‐Tapia,

González‐Rivera

et al. 2023

Brain and Behavior

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Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a public health concern with limited treatment options because it causes a cascade of side effects that are the leading cause of hospital death. Thioredoxin is an enzyme with neuroprotective properties such as antioxidant, antiapoptotic, immune response modulator, and neurogenic, among others; it has been considered a therapeutic target for treating many disorders. Methods The controlled cortical impact (CCI) model was used to assess the effect of recombinant human thioredoxin 1 (rhTrx1) (1 μg/2 μL, intracortical) on rats subjected to TBI at two different times of the light‐dark cycle (01:00 and 13:00 h). We analyzed the food intake, body weight loss, motor coordination, pain perception, and histology in specific hippocampus (CA1, CA2, CA3, and Dental Gyrus) and striatum (caudate‐putamen) areas. Results Body weight loss, reduced food intake, spontaneous pain, motor impairment, and neuronal damage in specific hippocampus and striatum regions are more evident in rats subjected to TBI in the light phase than in the dark phase of the cycle and in groups that did not receive rhTrx1 or minocycline (as positive control). Three days after TBI, there is a recovery in body weight, food intake, motor impairment, and pain, which is more pronounced in the rats subjected to TBI at the dark phase of the cycle and those that received rhTrx1 or minocycline. Conclusions Knowing the time of day a TBI occurs in connection to the neuroprotective mechanisms of the immune response in diurnal variation and the usage of the Trx1 protein might have a beneficial therapeutic impact in promoting quick recovery after a TBI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of thioredoxin‐1 in a rat model of traumatic brain injury depending on diurnal variation

Noriega‐Navarro,

Martínez‐Tapia,

González‐Rivera

et al. 2023

Brain and Behavior

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Isolated unilateral oculomotor palsy caused by pure midbrain infarction: a case report

Chen,

Zhu,

Liu

et al. 2023

International Journal of Neuroscience

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Background: Multiple etiologies may cause oculomotor nerve palsies. Identi cation of different etiologies is very important for subsequent treatment. Midbrain infarction is a rare cause of oculomotor nerve palsy.Case presentation: We herein present a case of isolated unilateral oculomotor paresis caused by pure midbrain infarction. Her pupillary sphincter and inferior rectus muscles were selectively spared. The symptoms were completely relieved after two months of antiplatelet therapy. Conclusion:We proposed that bers from Edinger-Westphal nucleus and inferior rectus nucleus do not course through the paramedian area of the midbrain. Our report adds to the understanding of fascicles arrangement in the midbrain.

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Medicolegal aspect of loss of smell and olfactory event-related potentials

Çeli̇k¹,

GÜLER

Pehlivan

2022

Egypt J Forensic Sci

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Background It is not straightforward to objectively evaluate the olfactory dysfunction that occurs following forensic incidents. The olfactory event-related potentials method, based on electrophysiological records, may provide objective data in the evaluation of posttraumatic anosmia cases from the medicolegal perspective. This study, where a quantitative evaluation of the cases with the complaints of olfactory sensation disorder was performed using the olfactory event-related potentials test, aims to identify the factors that should be considered in the evaluation of olfactory dysfunction from the medicolegal perspective. Results This study first evaluated the complaints of 98 patients admitted because of posttraumatic impaired smell and then administered electrophysiological odor tests on the patients. Because of this, the relationship between the EEG responses of the cases and the olfactory disorder was examined. Of the 98 cases that participated in the study, 68 (69.4%) were male and 30 (30.6%) were female. Of all cases, 53 (54.1%) had complaints of not being able to smell at all, 14 (14.3%) had complaints of reduced smell, whereas, in addition to the existing complaints of olfactory dysfunction, 44 (44.9%) of them had complaints of taste perception and 18 (18.3%) reported having vision disorders. 21 of 37 cases who reported being unable to smell during the test turned out to be anosmic. Furthermore, 16 cases stated that, though having had a response in the odor test, they had no sense of smell following the test. Conclusions Although it seems possible to prove that there is a relationship between the olfactory event-related potential test and the diagnosis of anosmia, there is still ongoing research on its use in clinical practice. Performing both subjective and electrophysiological tests together to detect olfactory dysfunctions that occur after a forensic incident enable provide more reliable results in diagnosis.

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Overview of Neurotrauma and Sensory Loss

Cited by 3 publications

References 65 publications

The effect of thioredoxin‐1 in a rat model of traumatic brain injury depending on diurnal variation

The effect of thioredoxin‐1 in a rat model of traumatic brain injury depending on diurnal variation

Isolated unilateral oculomotor palsy caused by pure midbrain infarction: a case report

Medicolegal aspect of loss of smell and olfactory event-related potentials

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