Overview of JT-60SA HTS Current Lead Manufacture and Testing

Heller, R.; Fietz, W.H.; Heiduk, M.; Hollik, M.; Kienzler, A.; Lange, Christian; Lietzow, R.; Meyer, Ingeborg; Richter, T.; Vogel, Thomas

doi:10.1109/tasc.2017.2768166

Cited by 15 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It is possible to operate the REBCO CL with a constant mass flow rate safely, i.e., no flow regulation is necessary. This result was already achieved for the JT-60SA CL tests [6].…”

supporting

confidence: 67%

“…In total, six CL for 26 kA for the toroidal field coil system and 20 CL for the central solenoid and poloidal field coils of JT-60SA are needed. Recently KIT has completed this task and details can be found in [6].…”

Section: Introduction and Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To allow an easy comparison of the REBCO CL, the layout of the 20 kA JT-60SA CL was used [6], i.e. only the HTS module was changed from Bi-2223 to REBCO.…”

Section: Introduction and Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Test results of a 20 kA high temperature superconductor current lead using REBCO tapes

Heller

Fietz

Gröner

et al. 2018

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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The Karlsruhe Institute of Technology has developed a 20 kA high temperature superconductor (HTS) current lead (CL) using the second generation material REBCO, as industry worldwide concentrate on the production of this material. The aim was to demonstrate the possibility of replacing the Bi-2223/AgAu tapes by REBCO tapes, while for easy comparison of results, all other components are copies of the 20 kA HTS CL manufactured for the satellite tokamak JT-60SA. After the manufacture of all CL components including the newly developed REBCO module, the assembly of the CL has been executed at KIT and an experiment has been carried out in the CuLTKa test facility where the REBCO CL was installed and connected to a JT-60SA CL via a superconducting bus bar. The experiment covers steady state operation up to 20 kA, pulsed operation, measurement of the heat load at 4.5 K end, loss-of-flow-accident simulations, and quench performance studies. Here the results of these tests are reported and directly compared to those of the JT-60SA CL.

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“…It is possible to operate the REBCO CL with a constant mass flow rate safely, i.e., no flow regulation is necessary. This result was already achieved for the JT-60SA CL tests [6].…”

supporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Introduction and Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Test results of a 20 kA high temperature superconductor current lead using REBCO tapes

Heller

Fietz

Gröner

et al. 2018

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

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“…The cryogenic application in fusion devices is not limited only to the SC magnets but is also utilized for creating a high vacuum using cryopumps [ 35 ], as well as for the cooling of current leads [ 36 , 37 ] and thermal radiation shield [ 38 ]. Cryopumps operate to induce a high vacuum (of the order of 1 × 10 −4 Pa) in the cryostat to provide an insulation to the SC magnets and in the vacuum vessel by pumping out air and other impurities at relatively high pumping speed.…”

Section: Cryogenic System In Fusion Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forced flow cryogenic cooling in fusion devices: A review

Vaghela

Lakhera

Sarkar

2021

Heliyon

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The constantly increasing energy consumption along with the depleting fossil fuel resources as well as owing to the fact that the nuclear fission not being an intrinsically safe method of energy generation, it has become necessary to look for other solutions to fulfil the future energy demands. Nuclear fusion, the source of energy for billions of stars, has attracted the attention of scientists and engineers despite a lot of technical challenges in the replication of the fusion process in laboratories. For fusion to take place in a device, one of the major challenges faced is the strong magnetic confinement of the plasma using large superconducting (SC) magnets, which need efficient cryogenic cooling techniques to maintain the required low temperatures for the superconducting state. In order to maintain the compactness, the SC magnets generally employ Cable in Conduit Conductor (CICC) windings, carrying high current densities, which are cooled by the forced flow of helium at ~4 K temperature to maintain the required superconducting temperatures. The construction of CICC aims to maintain the superconductivity state by optimization of various parameters such as thermal stability, the ratio of normal conductor to SC material, mechanical strength, low hydraulic impedance, current density, magnetic field, etc. The cryogenic thermal stability of the CICC is of prime importance for safe, stable and reliable operation of SC magnets. The prediction of thermal and hydraulic behavior of the CICC in large SC magnets is difficult due to the complex geometry involved, the variation in fluid properties, various heat in-flux incidences over the long length of CICC and a complex heat transport phenomenon. Another application which utilizes a forced flow cryogenic cooling in the fusion devices is a cryo-adsorption pump for creating clean and high vacuum with large pumping speed. This paper presents an overview of the forced flow cryogenic cooling schemes in fusion devices along with a systematic review of the thermal and hydraulic studies related to CICC and cryo-adsorption pump, thereby highlighting the challenges and opportunities for further improvement in their design and performance.

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“…One strategy to acquire cryogenic high voltage bushings is to develop and build special solutions, e.g. in case of high voltage labs [4] [5] or for fusion magnets current leads [6]. Another solution is to check if conventional bushings are able to meet the requirements under cryogenic conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryogenic testing of a 25 kV RIS bushing

Fink¹,

Fuhrmann²,

Zwecker³

2022

IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng.

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High voltage bushings for cryogenic current or voltage leads must master safely the special thermal stress in addition to the high voltage requirements. Resin impregnated synthetic (RIS) bushings have proven their usability for room temperature high voltage application since few years. Such paper free bushings are less hygroscopic than paper based bushings, which can be an advantage for components exposed to cryogenic temperatures on one side and to air conditions on the other. A conventional 25 kV, 2 kA room temperature RIS bushing was assembled to an open bath cryostat and subjected to five thermal cycles. High voltage tests were successfully performed under cryogenic conditions. No degradation of the bushing was found after the thermo-mechanical stress of the fast cool downs and one fast warm up. This paper focuses on the thermal tests.

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Overview of JT-60SA HTS Current Lead Manufacture and Testing

Cited by 15 publications

References 10 publications

Test results of a 20 kA high temperature superconductor current lead using REBCO tapes

Test results of a 20 kA high temperature superconductor current lead using REBCO tapes

Forced flow cryogenic cooling in fusion devices: A review

Cryogenic testing of a 25 kV RIS bushing

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