Overview of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in adults and children

Reuter, H.; Wood, Ray; Hs, Schaaf; Pr, Donald

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-3988-4.00034-2

Cited by 21 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…In the United States, EPTB represented 21% of all TB cases in 2006 against 15.7% in 1993 [4]. The same situation was observed in Turkey (32.5%), in Algeria (49.4%), in Germany (16.9%), in Spain (33.4%), and in China (9.7-11.8%) [5][6][7]. In Tunisia, the prevalence of tuberculosis is 22.4/100.000.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Evaluation of the BACTEC MGIT 960 TB with Solid Media for Recovery of Mycobacteria from Extrapulmonary Specimens in South Tunisia

S¹

2015

J Med Diagn Meth

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The slow growth of M. tuberculosis complex is a major challenge for TB diagnosis, hence the importance of using media to obtain quick results. We compared the system MGIT960 to solid media: LJ and Coletsos in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. A total of 634 extrapulmonary samples were processed for direct AFB smear examination, and culture on MGIT960 and solid media. 98 strains were isolated by the three media (15.4%). The mycobacterial recovery rate was 93.8%, 77.5% and 70.4% respectively for MGIT960, LJ and Coletsos media. The mean turnaround time for mycobacterial growth for MGIT960 was 18.5 ± 7.6 days. It was respectively 44.8 ± 19.3 and 42.8 ± 19 days for LJ and Coletsos media. Unlike most studies, the MGIT960 contamination rate (1.7%) was lower than that of solid media (2.2% for LJ and 2.5% for Coletsos). The MGIT 960 offers several advantages: speed, sensitivity and ease of use.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 50%

Evaluation of the BACTEC MGIT 960 TB with Solid Media for Recovery of Mycobacteria from Extrapulmonary Specimens in South Tunisia

S¹

2015

J Med Diagn Meth

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“…Peritoneal tuberculosis, with no gastrointestinal lesions, is always secondary and results from reactivation of a latent peritoneal focus from previous hematogenous spread or as a part of active pulmonary tuberculosis with miliary dissemination. It is usually caused by M. tuberculosis (17). In this study twenty-nine cases were diagnosed with tuberculous peritonitis, five cases with intestinal tuberculosis, and one case with pelvic tuberculosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of 35 children with abdominal tuberculosis

Kılıç

Somer²,

Törün³

et al. 2015

Turk J Gastroenterol

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Background/Aims: To contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric abdominal tuberculosis cases by assessing the clinical, laboratory, and radiological features of patients who presented at our clinic and were diagnosed with abdominal tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: Clinical, laboratory, and radiological features were reviewed retrospectively for 35 patients diagnosed with abdominal tuberculosis and followed up at the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Clinic between January 1987 and August 2012. Results: The study group included 16 female (45.7%) and 19 male (54.3%) patients with an age range of 6 months to 16 years (mean: 9.77±4.36 years). Twenty-nine patients were diagnosed with tuberculosis peritonitis, five patients with intestinal tuberculosis, and one patient with pelvic tuberculosis. The most common signs and symptoms were ascites, abdominal pain, abdominal distention, weight loss, and fever. Mean duration of the complaints was 109 days (range: 10 days to 3 years). Conclusion: Abdominal tuberculosis is a disease with an insidious course without disease-specific clinical and laboratory signs. When the disease is suspected, laparoscopy or laparotomy could be helpful in diagnosis. Employing ultrasound and computed tomography signs, abdominal tuberculosis should be included in differential diagnoses in regions with a high incidence of tuberculosis when there is abdominal pain, weight loss, ascites, history of contact with individuals with tuberculosis, and positive tuberculin skin test when patients have not been Bacillus Calmette Guerin BCG vaccinated.

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“…The literature reports a variable detection rate of mycobacteria on cultures acquired by FNAB, with figures ranging between 35% and 83%. [1][2][3] In South Africa (SA), bacteriological confirmation defined as the identification of mycobacterial organisms, either by positive Ziehl-Neelsen stain, Papanicolaou autofluorescence and/or culture from aspirates in children is high, at 77.1%. [7] Comparative figures for aspirates in the adult population in SA are few and have small sample numbers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5] In tuberculous LAD, fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) has proved to be the diagnostic procedure of choice, with diagnostic yields varying from 42% to 83%, the highest yield in any extrapulmonary specimen investigation. [1,2,6] Although FNAB is simple, cost effective and safe, cytomorphology is not specific and microbiological cultures for speciation and drug sensitivity are required. The literature reports a variable detection rate of mycobacteria on cultures acquired by FNAB, with figures ranging between 35% and 83%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] In high-incidence countries, it is usually considered a disease of childhood, [4] while the peak age of tuberculous LAD in developed countries such as the USA has now been shown to be 30 -40 years. [5] In tuberculous LAD, fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) has proved to be the diagnostic procedure of choice, with diagnostic yields varying from 42% to 83%, the highest yield in any extrapulmonary specimen investigation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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