Overexpression of AtPTPA in Arabidopsis increases protein phosphatase 2A activity by promoting holoenzyme formation and ABA negatively affects holoenzyme formation

Chen, Jian; Zhu, Xunlu; Shen, Guoxin; Zhang, Hong

doi:10.1080/15592324.2015.1052926

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Overexpression of PTPA clearly led to increased PP2A activity (Figure h). This is in line with results from plants overexpressing PTPA–GFP fusion protein (Chen et al, ). These data imply that the different phenotype observed for lcmt1 (Figure ) cannot be accounted to the PP2A activity as measured in vitro and underpin that the effects are caused by the low degree of PP2A‐C methylation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Protein phosphatase 2A activity tended to be slightly lower in lcmt1 and slightly higher in pme1 than in WT, but these differences were not statistically significant (Figure 5h). The PTPA overexpressor line clearly revealed higher PP2A activity, which is in line with effects observed previously for plants constitutively overexpressing PTPA-GFP (Chen, Zhu, Shen, & Zhang, 2015).…”

Section: Pp2a Activitysupporting

confidence: 91%

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Methylation of protein phosphatase 2A—Influence of regulators and environmental stress factors

Creighton

Kołton

Kataya

et al. 2017

Plant Cell & Environment

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Protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit (PP2A-C) has a terminal leucine subjected to methylation, a regulatory mechanism conserved from yeast to mammals and plants. Two enzymes, LCMT1 and PME1, methylate and demethylate PP2A-C, respectively. The physiological importance of these posttranslational modifications is still enigmatic. We investigated these processes in Arabidopsis thaliana by mutant phenotyping, by global expression analysis, and by monitoring methylation status of PP2A-C under different environmental conditions. The lcmt1 mutant, possessing essentially only unmethylated PP2A-C, had less dense rosettes, and earlier flowering than wild type (WT). The pme1 mutant, with 30% reduction in unmethylated PP2A-C, was phenotypically comparable with WT. Approximately 200 overlapping genes were twofold upregulated, and 200 overlapping genes were twofold downregulated in both lcmt1 and pme1 relative to WT. Differences between the 2 mutants were also striking; 97 genes were twofold upregulated in pme1 compared with lcmt1, indicating that PME1 acts as a negative regulator for these genes. Analysis of enriched GO terms revealed categories of both abiotic and biotic stress genes. Furthermore, methylation status of PP2A-C was influenced by environmental stress, especially by hypoxia and salt stress, which led to increased levels of unmethylated PP2A-C, and highlights the importance of PP2A-C methylation/demethylation in environmental responses.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Pp2a Activitysupporting

confidence: 91%

Methylation of protein phosphatase 2A—Influence of regulators and environmental stress factors

Creighton

Kołton

Kataya

et al. 2017

Plant Cell & Environment

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“…[15][16][17][18][19][20] Among these, mutation of PP2A scaffolding A subunit gene ROOTS CURL IN NAPHTHYLPHTHALAMIC ACID1 (RCN1) results in a reduced ABA sensitivity in seed germination and stomatal closure, [17] whereas the catalytic subunit mutant pp2ac2 has ABA hypersensitivity in seed germination, root growth, and seedling development. [15][16][17][18][19][20] Among these, mutation of PP2A scaffolding A subunit gene ROOTS CURL IN NAPHTHYLPHTHALAMIC ACID1 (RCN1) results in a reduced ABA sensitivity in seed germination and stomatal closure, [17] whereas the catalytic subunit mutant pp2ac2 has ABA hypersensitivity in seed germination, root growth, and seedling development.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[18] Several PP2A subunits interact with ABA-activated SnRK2-type protein kinases. [16] ABA-mediated Arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization is also dependent on PP2A regulatory B subunit. [16] ABA-mediated Arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization is also dependent on PP2A regulatory B subunit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have reported the functional roles of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) in ABA signaling . Among these, mutation of PP2A scaffolding A subunit gene ROOTS CURL IN NAPHTHYLPHTHALAMIC ACID1 ( RCN1 ) results in a reduced ABA sensitivity in seed germination and stomatal closure, whereas the catalytic subunit mutant pp2ac2 has ABA hypersensitivity in seed germination, root growth, and seedling development .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Root Growth Adaptation is Mediated by PYLs ABA Receptor‐PP2A Protein Phosphatase Complex

Wang

Tan

et al. 2019

Advanced Science

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Plant root architecture dynamically adapts to various environmental conditions, such as salt-containing soil. The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is involved among others also in these developmental adaptations, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains elusive. Here, a novel branch of the ABA signaling pathway in Arabidopsis involving PYR/PYL/ RCAR (abbreviated as PYLs) receptor-protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) complex that acts in parallel to the canonical PYLs-protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) mechanism is identified. The PYLs-PP2A signaling modulates root gravitropism and lateral root formation through regulating phytohormone auxin transport. In optimal conditions, PYLs ABA receptor interacts with the catalytic subunits of PP2A, increasing their phosphatase activity and thus counteracting PINOID (PID) kinase-mediated phosphorylation of PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin transporters. By contrast, in salt and osmotic stress conditions, ABA binds to PYLs, inhibiting the PP2A activity, which leads to increased PIN phosphorylation and consequently modulated directional auxin transport leading to adapted root architecture. This work reveals an adaptive mechanism that may flexibly adjust plant root growth to withstand saline and osmotic stresses. It occurs via the cross-talk between the stress hormone ABA and the versatile developmental regulator auxin.

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Deciphering Drought Response Mechanisms: Transcriptomic Insights from Drought-Tolerant and Drought-Sensitive Wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) Cultivars

Cevher-Keskin,

Yıldızhan,

Sekmen-Çetinel

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Drought stress poses a significant threat to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivation, necessitating an in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning drought response in both tolerant and sensitive varieties. In this study, 12 diverse bread wheat cultivars were evaluated for their drought stress responses, with particular emphasis on the contrasting performance of cultivars Atay 85 (sensitive), Gerek 79, and Mufitbey (tolerant). Transcriptomic analysis was performed on the root and leaf tissues of the aforementioned cultivars subjected to 4-hour and 8-hour drought stress and compared with controls. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were categorized based on their cellular component, molecular function, and biological function. Notably, there was greater gene expression variability in leaf tissues compared to root tissues. A noticeable trend of decreased gene expression was observed for cellular processes such as protein refolding and cellular metabolic processes like photorespiration as drought stress duration increased (8 hours) in the leaf tissues of drought-tolerant and sensitive cultivars. Metabolic processes related to gene expression were predominantly activated in response to 4-hour and 8-hour drought stress. The drought-tolerant cultivars exhibited increased expression levels of genes related to protein binding, metabolic processes, and cellular functions, indicating their ability to adapt better to drought stress compared to the drought-sensitive cultivar Atay 85. We detected more than 25 differentially expressed TFs in leaf tissues under 4-hour and 8-hour drought stress, while only 4 TFs were identified in the root tissues of sensitive cultivar. In contrast, the tolerant cultivar exhibited more than 80 different TF transcripts in both leaves and roots after 4 hours of drought stress, with this number decreasing to 18 after 8 hours of drought stress. Differentially expressed genes with a focus on metal ion binding, carbohydrate degradation, ABA-related genes, and cell wall-related genes were highlighted. Ferritin (TaFer), TaPME42 and Extensin-like protein (TaExLP), Germin-like protein (TaGLP 9-1), Metacaspase-5 (TaMC5), Arogenate Dehydratase 5 (ADT-5), Phosphoglycerate/ bisphosphoglycerate mutase (TaPGM), Serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A (TaPP2A), GIGANTEA (TaGI), Polyadenylate-binding protein (TaRBP45B) exhibited differential expression by qRT-PCR in root and leaf tissues of tolerant and sensitive bread wheat cultivars. This study provides valuable insights into the complex molecular mechanisms associated with drought response in wheat, highlighting genes and pathways involved in drought tolerance. Understanding these mechanisms is essential for developing drought-tolerant wheat varieties, enhancing agricultural sustainability, and addressing the challenges posed by water scarcity.

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Overexpression of AtPTPA in Arabidopsis increases protein phosphatase 2A activity by promoting holoenzyme formation and ABA negatively affects holoenzyme formation

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Methylation of protein phosphatase 2A—Influence of regulators and environmental stress factors

Methylation of protein phosphatase 2A—Influence of regulators and environmental stress factors

Root Growth Adaptation is Mediated by PYLs ABA Receptor‐PP2A Protein Phosphatase Complex

Deciphering Drought Response Mechanisms: Transcriptomic Insights from Drought-Tolerant and Drought-Sensitive Wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) Cultivars

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