Overall assessment of Alkali-Aggregate Reaction (AAR) in concretes presenting different strengths and incorporating a wide range of reactive aggregate types and natures

Sanchez, Leandro; Fournier, Benoît; Jolin, Marc; Mitchell, Denis; Bastien, Josée

doi:10.1016/j.cemconres.2016.12.001

Cited by 144 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Different and sometimes contradictory results have been reported in literature regarding the effect of ASR on the concrete properties since various parameters are involved in this chemo-thermo-mechanical and time dependent process. In general, the concrete compressive strength, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, and modulus of rupture has been reported to reduce up to 45%, 70%, 90%, and 90%, respectively, by ASR (ISE 1992, Esposito et al 2016, Fan and Hanson 1998, Smaoui et al 2005, Gautam et al 2015, Sanchez et al 2017, Deschenes et al 2018, Liaudat et al 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ASR Degradation and Expansion of Plain and Reinforced Concrete

Aryan¹,

Gencturk²,

Hanifehzadeh³

et al. 2020

Structures Congress 2020

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Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) occurs when the reactive siliceous aggregates (coarse or fine) are used in concrete with a high alkali content and exposed to high levels of moisture. In the long-term, ASR exhibits itself in the form of expansion, cracking, and ensuing degradation in mechanical properties, which may affect the functionality of structures. ASR has been extensively observed in dams, bridges, and power plants. In this study two mixes of concrete were prepared using fine aggregates from one of the most reactive siliceous aggerate sources in the United States located in El Paso, Texas. One of the concrete mixes was dosed with additional alkali content to bring the total alkalinity level to 1.25% by weight of cement to accelerate the ASR (compared to 0.1% in the other concrete mixture due to alkalinity from the cement only). Over a period of 18 months concrete cylinders, and plain and reinforced concrete prism samples from these two concretes were conditioned in different environments: indoor laboratory, outdoor in Los Angeles, and in an environmental chamber at 50°C and 90% relative humidity (RH). The ASR expansions and the corresponding changes in the compressive and tensile strength, modulus of rupture, and modulus of elasticity were monitored. Results showed that concrete tensile strength is more susceptible to degradation due to ASR. Additionally, the expansion caused by ASR in the prism samples reduces as the ratio of reinforcement increases. The results were used to develop relationships between ASR expansion and reinforcement ratio in a one-dimensional problem with an internal restraint.Structures Congress 2020 Downloaded from ascelibrary.org by 44.224.250.200 on 08/02/20.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ASR Degradation and Expansion of Plain and Reinforced Concrete

Aryan¹,

Gencturk²,

Hanifehzadeh³

et al. 2020

Structures Congress 2020

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“…It is well‐known that ASR causes a significant reduction of tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of concrete and less reduction of compressive strength . In a study of Blight, it was found that the elastic deformations of ASR damaged concrete were three and half times as large as those of sound concrete, while the creep strain was two and a half to four times as large.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Creep of concrete as influenced by the rate of expansion due to alkali–silica reaction

Reinhardt

Ozkan

Mielich

2019

Structural Concrete

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Three alkali-sensitive and one insensitive aggregate were used in the concrete mixes. The slow reacting aggregates were greywacke from the Lower Harz, quartz porphyry from Halle and crushed gravel from the Upper Rhine valley. The insensitive aggregate was quartz porphyry from the Black Forest. The concretes showed the typical S-shaped expansion curve in the 40 C fog room. After a certain time in the fog room, specimens were taken out and creep tests were conducted in a climate of 80% RH and 23 C. This scenario does not necessarily reproduce the situation of real structures but helps to understand the influence of ASR expansion development on creep. The creep deformation depended clearly on the preceding storage duration in the fog chamber. The largest influence on the deformation appeared at the time when the expansion rate in the fog room had a maximum.

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“…Due to the importance of the mechanical properties during condition assessment and load capacity evaluation of the ASR-affected concrete structures, many studies have been conducted to investigate changes of strength and stiffness in relation to ASR-induced expansion (Sanchez et al 2017;Smaoui et al 2005). Most of these studies agreed that the elastic modulus presents significant reduction compared to the splitting tensile strength and compressive strength.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of these studies agreed that the elastic modulus presents significant reduction compared to the splitting tensile strength and compressive strength. The elastic modulus has been thus commonly considered as an indicator of ASR-affected concrete deterioration (Esposito et al 2016;Sanchez et al 2017). Furthermore, different analytical models represent relationship between elastic modulus and expansion level have been proposed to estimate the stiffness for damage assessment and load capacity evaluation (Esposito et al 2016;ISE 1992;Kawabata et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet, both the ASR-induced expansion and changes mechanical properties of ASR-affected concrete are influenced by many factors from mix proportions, reactive aggregates, and environment conditions (Esposito et al 2016;Giaccio et al 2008;Sanchez et al 2017;Smaoui et al 2005). According to Helene, Carvalho & Pacheco (2017), there are five main factors that affect to the deterioration intensity of ASR-affected concrete, including (1) cement alkali content and cement content, (2) alkali content from other sources such as from aggregates and external addition of alkalies, (3) number, size and reactivity of the aggregate, (4) moisture condition in concrete and (5) temperature condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Optimised Support Vector Machine Model for Elastic Modulus Prediction of Concrete Subject to Alkali Silica Reaction

Nguyen

et al. 2019

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering

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Alkali-silica reaction (ASR) can induce the damage and loss in serviceability of concrete structures. Many studies have been conducted to investigate the influence of ASR on the degradation of mechanical properties of the concrete. Their results show that compared with other mechanical properties, the modulus of elasticity is the most affected by ASR, where the reduction is up to roughly 70% compared to its properties without expansion. In this study, to effectively assess the reduction of the modulus of elasticity caused by ASR, a novel predictive model is proposed based on support vector machine (SVM), in which the mix proportion of concrete, exposure environment and corresponding expansion are employed as the inputs and the output is the modulus of elasticity degradation. To improve the generalization capacity of the proposed predictive model, three different optimization algorithms are adopted to select optimal model parameters. Finally, the experimental data from the existing literatures are used to test the performance of the proposed method with satisfactory results.

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Overall assessment of Alkali-Aggregate Reaction (AAR) in concretes presenting different strengths and incorporating a wide range of reactive aggregate types and natures

Cited by 144 publications

References 15 publications

ASR Degradation and Expansion of Plain and Reinforced Concrete

ASR Degradation and Expansion of Plain and Reinforced Concrete

Creep of concrete as influenced by the rate of expansion due to alkali–silica reaction

An Optimised Support Vector Machine Model for Elastic Modulus Prediction of Concrete Subject to Alkali Silica Reaction

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