Ovarian response to controlled ovarian stimulation in women with different polycystic ovary syndrome phenotypes

Abstract

Controlled ovarian stimulation (COH) in PCOS is a challenge for fertility expert both ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) and oocytes immaturity are the two major complication. Ovarian response to COH vary widely among POCS patients and while some patients are more likely to show resistance to COH, other experienced an exaggerated response. The aim of our study is to investigate a possible correlation between PCOS phenotypes and the variety of ovarian response to COH and ART outcomes in patients with different PCOS phenotypes. We retrospectively analyzed a total of 71 cycles performed in 44 PCOS infertile patients attending ART at Centre of Infertility and Assisted Reproduction of Pisa University between January 2013 and January 2016. Patientsundergoing IVF with GnRH-antagonist protocol and 150-225 UI/days of recombinant FSH; triggering was carried out using 250 mg of recombinant hCG or a GnRH analogous on the basis of the risk to OHSS. We observed that Phenotype B had a tendency to have a greater doses of gonadotropins used respect to all phenotypes. Phenotype A group showed a greater serum estrogen levels compared to all phenotypes groups, a greater number of follicles of diameter between 8-12 mm found by ultrasound on the day of triggering and a greater mean number of freeze embryo. Additionally serum AMH and antral follicles count (AFC) follow the same trend in the different phenotypes ad they were significantly higher in phenotype A and in phenotype D. In conclusion this study shows that the features of PCOS phenotypes reflect the variety of ovarian response to COH as well as the risks to develop OHSS. Serum AMH and AFC are related to the degree of ovulatory dysfunction making these 'added values' in identifying the different PCOS phenotypes. Phenotype A seems to be the phenotype with the higher risk to develop OHSS and the use of GnRH as a trigger seems to improve oocyte quality. To classify PCOS phenotype at diagnosis might help clinicians to identify patients at greater risk of OHSS, customize therapy and subsequently plan the trigger agent.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Phenotype Does Not Have Impact on Oocyte Morphology

“…Firstly, we did not nd any differences in the woman's BMI between the three A, C and D phenotypes -as also reported in a recent case-control study [39]. Secondly, the PCOS phenotype A population exhibited the highest AMH levels, which is in line with previous reports [18,19,39,40]. Furthermore, the severity of OA appeared to be correlated with an elevated serum AMH level [41,42].…”

“…Indeed, it is well known that oocyte competence in uences embryonic development [15]. To date, only a few studies have assessed the potential impact of different PCOS phenotypes on the outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies [16][17][18][19]. In a study of IVF procedures, Ramezanali and colleagues (2016) reported lower clinical pregnancy rates in PCOS phenotypes A and B than in controls -suggesting that the combination of HA and OA may affect embryonic development [18].…”

Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone in the Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Association with Clinical Symptoms

“…Our results are similar to those in a previous study (92% specificity and 79% sensitivity) [35]. Serum AMH levels in another recent study added values in classifying different PCOS phenotypes that might help clinicians identify patients at high risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and customize specific therapies [36].…”

Assessment of Anti-Mullerian Hormone and Anti Ovarian Antibody in the Sera of Patients with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in AL-Najaf Al-Ashraf Province

“…The current study appeared increased result of AMH in (55.0%) of PCOS patients more than normal value. This study agreed with recent Iraqi study finished by (Mohaisen et al,2019) (18) in Misan city.Several recent studies confirmed by (Deshmukh et al,2019) (19) in England and by (Cela. et al,2018) (20) in Italy,that reported increased AMH level in PCOS ladies than healthy ladies.The increase level of serum AMH in PCOS refer to the fact that AMH level indicate the count of small antral follicles and increased secretion of AMH per follicle and therefore the increased AMH expression has been indicated in the phase of preantral and small antral follicle size (4-8mm) and dissolve in follicle size more than 9 mm (21) .…”