Ovarian masses in children and adolescents in China: analysis of 203 cases

Abstract

ObjectiveThe true incidence of ovarian tumors in children is unknown. Few studies beyond case reports and case series have been published concerning pediatric ovarian tumors. Herein we review a large number of ovarian tumor cases.MethodsThe charts of 203 patients who presented with adnexal masses were reviewed.ResultsThe patient’s ranged in age from 2 to 18 years (mean = 15.6 years), with 30 being premenarchal (14.8%). The incidence of ovarian tumor increases with age, especially in patients older than 14 years. The main complaint was abdominal pain or abdominal distension in 117 patients (57.7%). A high AFP level in a pre-pubic girl with an adnexal mass is indicative of a malignant ovarian tumor. The 214 adnexal masses (11 patients had bilateral cysts) consisted of benign tumorous oophoropathy (107 masses, 50.0%), borderline and malignant tumors (29 masses, 13.6%), and nontumorous oophoropathy (78 masses, 36.5%). Of the 136 neoplasia, germ cell tumors accounted for 71.5%. Surgical intervention was performed in 98.5% of cases. There were statistically decreased blood loss, surgery duration and days of hospitalization with the laparoscopic procedure when compared with open surgery.ConclusionsAbdominal pain is the most common complaint in young patients with adnexal masses. AFP is the most useful diagnostic biomarker of ovarian tumors in young females. Laparoscopic resection of ovarian cysts is an alternative operation approach.

Pediatric ovarian neoplastic tumors: incidence, age at presentation, tumor markers and outcome

“…We report an annual incidence of 2.2 ovarian tumors in 100 000 females aged 0–15 years. A quarter of the tumors were malignant, which is in line with previous studies . The annual incidence for malignant ovarian tumors in our study (0.6/100 000 females) was similar to the incidence reported previously in a Finnish study (0.7/100 000 in 0–14‐year‐old females) and an Israeli study (0.52/100 000 in 0–19‐year‐old females) .…”

“…Germ cell, epithelial and sex cord tumors were observed in 82, 15 and 2% of the girls, respectively. Germ cell tumors represent about 60–80% of all neoplastic ovarian tumors , benign teratoma being the most frequently diagnosed type in children . In contrast, epithelial tumors are the most common type in adults, and in our series all the girls with epithelial tumor were older than 13 years.…”

Value of the Platelet to Lymphocyte Ratio in the Diagnosis of Ovarian Neoplasms in Adolescents

“…AFP and CA125 are the most useful tumor markers for distinguishing patients with malignant tumor in preadolescent and adolescent females. A high level AFP level in a preadolescent girl with an adnexal mass can be indicative of an ovarian malignancy (Liu et al, 2013). However, CA125 has a limited utility for surgical exploration of persistent masses in this population (McCarthy et al, 2009).…”

“…Ovarian masses classified as non-neoplastic and neoplastic are the most common cause of adnexal masses. Functional cysts, ovarian torsion, and benign neoplasms are the most common ovarian masses in young adolescents (Liu et al, 2013). Ovarian neoplasms are estimated to occur at a rate of approximately 2.6 in 100,000 girls per year (Ki et al, 2013) and malignant ovarian tumors in children and adolescents are rare, accounting for 0.9% of all malignancies (Deligeoroglou et al, 2004).…”

Hasi cysták és cystosus képletek differenciáldiagnózisa gyermekkorban

“…A nem neoplasztikus ovariumelváltozá-sok: a funkcionális, a serosus petefészekcysták, a parovarialis cysták és a benignus petefészektumorok, ezek kezelése a cysta méretétől függ [7]. A 4-5 cm-nél kisebb méretű cysták esetén megfi gyelés, 3 havonkénti kontrollultrahangvizsgálat javasolt.…”