Outward and Inward Migrations in Italy: A Historical Perspective

Abstract

The purpose of the Economic History Working Papers (Quaderni di Storia economica) is to promote the circulation of preliminary versions of working papers on growth, finance, money, institutions prepared within the Bank of Italy or presented at Bank seminars by external speakers with the aim of stimulating comments and suggestions. The present series substitutes the Historical Research papers -Quaderni dell'Ufficio Ricerche Storiche. The views expressed in the articles are those of the authors and do not involve the responsibility of the Bank.

Migration and inbound tourism: an Italian perspective

“…The history of Italian international migration has been characterized by massive emigration flows (Gomellini & Ó Gráda, 2011;Del Boca & Venturini, 2005). During the last decades of nineteenth century and up to WWI, those flows headed towards trans-oceanic destinations (mainly to North and South America).…”

Immigration Italian Style, 1977–2018

“…As shown in Figure , while the final two decades of the twentieth century were characterized by a gradual increase in entries, the first part of the twenty‐first century saw a veritable immigration boom. Subsequently, in the years of economic crisis that followed the 2008 global financial crisis, a sudden immigration bust was accompanied by a revival of emigration abroad (Gomellini and Ó Gráda , ; Pugliese ; Allievi and Dalla‐Zuanna ). In fact, emigration has almost quadrupled over the last 15 years.…”

The Pacific Solution – A Catastrophe for the Pacific!?

“…Foreign workers from Italy, Spain, and Turkey supported economic growth in Germany (Bhagwati et al [7]; Rinne et al [92]), foreign workers from Mexico and Jamaica in the USA (Griffith [41]) and labor migrants from Asia and the Pacific Islands helped to get economies of Australia and New Zealand on track (MacPherson [60,61]; Ongley et al [80]). When economies expanded rapidly, real wages, also for unskilled labor increased considerable, the standard of living of guest workers also increased as well as those back in their home countries to where remittances were sent (Gomellini et al [38]). At this time Pacific Island countries were still colonies of European powers, Australia, New Zealand France and the USA.…”