Outcomes of hyperglycemia in patients with and without diabetes hospitalized for infectious diseases

Akirov, Amit; Diker-Cohen, Talia; Masri-Iraqi, Hiba; Duskin-Bitan, Hadar; Shimon, Ilan; Gorshtein, Alexander

doi:10.1002/dmrr.3027

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Previous observations report an increased susceptibility to infections among patients with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus, responsible of increased morbidity and mortality [17][18][19][20]. Hyperglycemia may increase the virulence of different pathogens by enhancing bacterial replication and facilitating their attachment to epithelial cells favoring immune system dysfunction [21][22][23]. A study aimed to evaluate humoral factors in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes showed lower IgG and C3 levels in poorly controlled disease as compared to patients with satisfactory degree of metabolic control [24].…”

Section: Diabetes Mellitus and Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caring for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology (ISPED) statements during COVID-19 pandemia

d’Annunzio

Maffeis

Cherubini

et al. 2020

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

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Our study aimed to review the impact of COVID-19 pandemia in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus, to analyze the clinical characteristics of the infection and to propose clinical practice recommendations from the Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology (ISPED). Methods: A literature search was carried out in the guideline databases, Medline and Embase and in Diabetes Societies websites until May 21st, 2020 for guidelines and recommendations on type 1 diabetes mellitus management during COVID-19 pandemic. Results: COVID-19 infection in pediatric patients seems to be clinically less severe than in adults; children have so far accounted for 1-5% of diagnosed cases, with a median age of 6.7 years (1 day-15 years) and better prognosis. Clinical manifestations include mild, moderate, severe disease up to critical illness. There is currently no evidence suggesting a higher risk of COVID-19 infection in children with diabetes than unaffected peers. Besides general recommendations for pediatric patients, ISPED has proposed specific measures for patients with diabetes.

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Section: Diabetes Mellitus and Infectious Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Caring for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology (ISPED) statements during COVID-19 pandemia

d’Annunzio

Maffeis

Cherubini

et al. 2020

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

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“…Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common disease caused by hyperglycemia [1] and its complications such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) seriously endangers human beings’ health [2], DR degrades human’s visual performance, but the mechanisms are still unclear [3]. The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) are the main cells of the retina and play important roles in the physiopathology of DR [4], and RPE treated with glucose are commonly used as an in vitro model for DR research [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-glucose Induces Retinal Pigment Epithelium Mitochondrial Pathways of Apoptosis and Inhibits Mitophagy by Regulating ROS/PINK1/Parkin Signal Pathway

Yang¹,

Yuan

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) caused visual performance degradation seriously endangers human beings’ health, uncovering the underlying mechanism might shed light on the discovery of DR therapeutic treatments. In this study, we found that the effects of glucose on retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) varies in a dose dependent manner, high-glucose promotes ROS generation and cell apoptosis, inhibits mitophagy as well as proliferative abilities, while low-glucose induces ROS production and cell mitophagy, but has little impacts on cell apoptosis and proliferation. Of note, the toxic effects of high-glucose on RPE are alleviated by ROS scavengers and aggravated by autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or mitophagy inhibitor cyclosporin A (CsA). High-glucose induced ROS generation is merely eliminated by ROS scavengers instead of mitophagy or autophagy inhibitor. We also proved that high-glucose inhibits cell proliferation and promotes cell apoptosis by regulating ROS mediated inhibition of mitophagy. In addition, mitophagy associated proteins PINK1 and Parkin are downregulated by high-glucose or hydrogen peroxide treatments, which are reversed by ROS scavengers. Of note, Knock-down of PINK1 decreases phospharylated Parkin instead of total Parkin levels in RPE. Intriguingly, high-glucose’s inhibiting effects on cell mitophagy as well as proliferation and its promoting effects on cell apoptosis are reversed by either PINK1 or Parkin overexpression. Therefore, we concluded that high-glucose promotes RPE apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation as well as mitophagy by regulating oxidative stress mediated inactivation of ROS/PINKl/Parkin signal pathway.

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“…По другим данным, смертность среди пациентов с COVID-19 и неконтролируемой гипергликемией зафиксирована у 41,7% по сравнению с 14,8% среди пациентов с компенсированным СД [25]. В проспективном когортном исследовании в Петах-Тиква, Израиль среди госпитализированных с инфекционными заболеваниями без СД в анамнезе риск смертности возрастал на 45% при уровне гликемии 70-140 мг/дл, на 66% -при гликемии 140-180 мг/дл и на 81% -при гликемии выше 180 мг/дл [26].…”

Section: обсуждение основного результата исследованияunclassified

Prevalence of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in patients with new coronavirus infection

et al. 2021

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BACKGRAUND: There is evidence of a multifactorial effect of SARS-CoV2 on carbohydrate metabolism with the development of hyperglycemia and the weighting of COVID19 even in people without DM.AIMS: Assess the prevalence of disorders carbohydrate metabolism (DCM) in hospitalized patients with a new coronavirus infection without a history of DM.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients with PCR-confirmed diagnosis of COVID19 aged 18-75 years (n=72) without a history of diabetes were examined. Observation was carried out from the moment of hospitalization to discharge. Patients were collected anamnesis data, laboratory and instrumental studies, HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial glycemia.RESULTS: The prevalence of DCM (HbA1c≥6%) in 72 patients with COVID19 without a history of diabetes admitted to the hospital was 41,7%, while HbA1c ≥6,5% had 8,3%. The median HbA1c in the moderate-flow group was 5,7% [5,3–6,0], and in the severe-flow group it was 6,0% [5,8–6,2] (p=0,008). Participants were divided into groups according to the level of HbA1c≥6% and < 6%. The examined patients showed a high prevalence of risk factors for developing DM: age over 45 years — 83,3%, cardiovascular diseases — 46,3%, obesity — 50%. The study groups didn’t differ statistically in terms of risk factors for DM. In the group with HbA1c≥6%, FPG≥6,1 mmol / l on the second day and postprandial glycemia ≥7,8 mmol/l were observed in more cases than in the group with HbA1c<6% (39,1% vs 12,9%, p=0,051 and 47,8% vs 3,2%, p=0,0001, respectively). The prevalence of DCM in HbA1c was higher than in FPG (41,7% vs 29,2%, p=0,006). On the seventh day, the number of patients with FPG ≥ 6,1 mmol / l in the first group decreased from 39,1% to 4,4% (p=0,01), and in the second group-from 12,9% to 9,7% (p=1,0). There was a direct correlation between the level of HbA1c and C-reactive protein (r=0,271; p=0,048), and an inverse correlation with the content of lymphocytes in the blood (r=-0,25; p=0,068).CONCLUSIONS: In patients with a new coronavirus infection without a history of DM, a high prevalence of DCM was detected — 41,7%. Against the background of comparability of the studied groups by risk factors for DM, an increase in HbA1c, FPG and postprandial glycemia is a manifestation of transient hyperglycemia. Given the high prevalence of DCM, it can be assumed that SARS-CoV2 has diabetogenic properties.

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Outcomes of hyperglycemia in patients with and without diabetes hospitalized for infectious diseases

Cited by 12 publications

References 33 publications

Caring for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology (ISPED) statements during COVID-19 pandemia

Caring for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus: Italian Society for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology (ISPED) statements during COVID-19 pandemia

High-glucose Induces Retinal Pigment Epithelium Mitochondrial Pathways of Apoptosis and Inhibits Mitophagy by Regulating ROS/PINK1/Parkin Signal Pathway

Prevalence of carbohydrate metabolism disorders in patients with new coronavirus infection

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