Outbreak of Zika virus disease in the Americas and the association with microcephaly, congenital malformations and Guillain–Barré syndrome

Ladhani, Shamez; O’Connor, Catherine; Kirkbride, Hilary; Brooks, Tim; Morgan, Dilys

doi:10.1136/archdischild-2016-310590

Cited by 41 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…After being quiescent for 60 years, large outbreaks of ZIKV infection have been reported in some regions/countries such as Yap 3,4 , French Polynesia 5,6 , Brazil 7 , and quickly spread globally in 2016. Besides mild symptoms and signs including fever, rash, joint pain, or conjunctivitis 8,9 , severe brain abnormalities such as microcephaly were linked to ZIKV infection in recent outbreaks [10][11][12] . In experimental models, ZIKV infection is indeed able to cause microcephaly and other birth defects in mice [13][14][15] , and in nonhuman primates 16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new class of broadly neutralizing antibodies that target the glycan loop of Zika virus envelope protein

Zhang

et al. 2020

Cell Discov

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Zika virus (ZIKV) infection poses a serious threat to human health. However, no licensed vaccine or therapeutic drug is currently available for ZIKV. We have previously shown that recombinant ZIKV E80 protein induced potent neutralizing antibody response and protected mice from lethal viral challenge. In the present study, we isolated five ZIKV neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) from E80-immunized mice. These five mAbs specifically bound and neutralized Asian-lineage ZIKV strains. Epitope mapping revealed that all of the five mAbs recognized a novel linear epitope located on the glycan loop of E protein domain I. Sequence alignment revealed that the epitope was extremely conserved in ZIKV but highly variable between ZIKV and other flaviviruses. Thus, these five mAbs form a new class of anti-ZIKV antibodies exhibiting broad-spectrum neutralization on Asian-lineage ZIKV. A representative of this mAb class, 5F8, was found to exert inhibitory function in vitro primarily at the early stage of the post-attachment viral entry process. Importantly, mAb 5F8 was able to confer full protection in a mouse model of ZIKV lethal infection. Our results have strong implications for developing anti-ZIKV vaccines and therapeutic mAbs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new class of broadly neutralizing antibodies that target the glycan loop of Zika virus envelope protein

Zhang

et al. 2020

Cell Discov

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“…In addition, ZIKV RNA has been detected in asymptomatic blood donors during outbreaks in French Polynesian (2013-14) [105,163], Puerto Rico (April 3-June 11, 2016) [164], Martinique (January to June 2016) [165] and the continental US (May to October, 2016) [166]. Thirdly, there is a general consensus that ZIKV is the causative agent of severe neurological disorders [43,[167][168][169][170][171] including microcephaly in newborns [95,96,[172][173][174][175] and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) in the wider population [109,[176][177][178][179]. Fourthly, there is evidence that ZIKV is transfusion-transmissible as at least four probable TT cases have now been reported, all from Brazil during the current outbreak.…”

Section: Why Zikv Represents a Potential Threat To Blood Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Infectious Diseases and Blood Safety: Modeling the Transfusion-Transmission Risk

Kiely

Gambhir

Cheng

et al. 2017

Transfusion Medicine Reviews

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While the transfusion-transmission (TT) risk associated with the major transfusion-relevant viruses such as HIV is now very low, during the last 20 years there has been a growing awareness of the threat to blood safety from emerging infectious diseases, a number of which are known to be, or are potentially, transfusion transmissible. Two published models for estimating the transfusion-transmission risk from EIDs, referred to as the Biggerstaff-Petersen model and the European Upfront Risk Assessment Tool (EUFRAT), respectively, have been applied to several EIDs in outbreak situations. We describe and compare the methodological principles of both models, highlighting their similarities and differences. We also discuss the appropriateness of comparing results from the two models. Quantitating the TT risk of EIDs can inform decisions about risk mitigation strategies and their cost-effectiveness. Finally, we present a qualitative risk assessment for Zika virus (ZIKV), an EID agent that has caused several outbreaks since 2007. In the latest and largest ever outbreak, several probable cases of transfusion-transmission ZIKV have been reported, indicating that it is transfusion-transmissible and therefore a risk to blood safety. We discuss why quantitative modeling the TT risk of ZIKV is currently problematic.

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“…Intensified surveillance was only conducted in populations at risk: pregnant women, children aged under 1 year, adults older than 60 years, and patients with comorbidities. Most data on Zika virus cases were collected through passive surveillance of people with symptoms of Zika virus and whose diagnoses were mainly clinical without laboratory confirmation; it excludes asymptomatic cases that may represent up to 40%–80% of the infected population . In addition, recent experience in Colombia in surveillance of other arboviruses (chikungunya and dengue virus) generated adequate preparation of surveillance systems; however, notification of Zika cases may have varied at different times and places .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution of the relative risk of Zika virus disease in Colombia during the 2015–2016 epidemic from a Bayesian approach

Flórez-Lozano

Navarro

Llinás-Solano

et al. 2020

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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Objective:To determine the spatial distribution of the risk of Zika virus disease in each region of Colombia during the 2015-2016 epidemic.Methods: An ecological study was designed to estimate the risks for each Colombian region using first-order neighbors, covariate effects, and three adjacent periods of time (beginning, development, and end of the epidemic) to analyze the spatial distribution of the disease based on a Bayesian hierarchical model. Results: Spatial distribution of the estimated risks of Zika virus disease showed that it increased in a strip that crosses the central area of the country from west to east.Analysis of the three time periods showed greater risk of the disease in the central and southern zones-Arauca and Santander-where the increase in risk was four times higher during the peak phase compared with the initial phase of the outbreak. Conclusion:In the identified high-risk areas, integrated surveillance systems for Zika virus disease and its complications must be strengthened to provide up-to-date and accurate epidemiological information. This information would allow those involved in policy and decision making to identify new outbreaks and risk clusters, enabling more focused and accurate measures to target at-risk populations.

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Outbreak of Zika virus disease in the Americas and the association with microcephaly, congenital malformations and Guillain–Barré syndrome

Cited by 41 publications

References 5 publications

A new class of broadly neutralizing antibodies that target the glycan loop of Zika virus envelope protein

A new class of broadly neutralizing antibodies that target the glycan loop of Zika virus envelope protein

Emerging Infectious Diseases and Blood Safety: Modeling the Transfusion-Transmission Risk

Spatial distribution of the relative risk of Zika virus disease in Colombia during the 2015–2016 epidemic from a Bayesian approach

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