Outbreak of <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> in cats and humans associated with infection in wild birds

Tauni, M. A.; Österlund, Anders

doi:10.1111/j.1748-5827.2000.tb03214.x

Cited by 87 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The five subclusters which included most of the avian wildlife isolates also contained isolates from several domestic animal species and from feed plant samples. The PFGE patterns of isolates from cats and passerines were identical (A2 and B3), supporting an epidemiological link reported previously in a Swedish study, using phage type analysis (32). Sparrows frequently visit animal sheds and barns in Norway during the winter, and it is thus not surprising that carrier birds could represent a potential health hazard to domestic animals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Molecular Epidemiology of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Isolates Determined by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis: Comparison of Isolates from Avian Wildlife, Domestic Animals, and the Environment in Norway

Refsum

Heir

Kapperud

et al. 2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The molecular epidemiology of 142 isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium from avian wildlife, domestic animals, and the environment in Norway was investigated using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and computerized numerical analysis of the data. The bacterial isolates comprised 79 isolates from wild-living birds, including 46 small passerines and 26 gulls, and 63 isolates of nonavian origin, including 50 domestic animals and 13 environmental samples. Thirteen main clusters were discernible at the 90% similarity level. Most of the isolates (83%) were grouped into three main clusters. These were further divided into 20 subclusters at the 95% similarity level. Isolates from passerines, gulls, and pigeons dominated within five subclusters, whereas isolates from domestic animals and the environment belonged to many different subclusters with no predominance. The results support earlier results that passerines constitute an important source of infection to humans in Norway, whereas it is suggested that gulls and pigeons, based on PFGE analysis, represent only a minor source of human serovar Typhimurium infections. Passerines, gulls, and pigeons may also constitute a source of infection of domestic animals and feed plants or vice versa. Three isolates from cattle and a grain source, of which two were multiresistant, were confirmed as serovar Typhimurium phage type DT 104. These represent the first reported phage type DT 104 isolates from other sources than humans in Norway.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Molecular Epidemiology of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Isolates Determined by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis: Comparison of Isolates from Avian Wildlife, Domestic Animals, and the Environment in Norway

Refsum

Heir

Kapperud

et al. 2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…enterica infections in birds can result in a transient colonization of the digestive tract, a carrier state, or disease. Carriers act to disseminate these bacteria and are thought to be sources of salmonellosis in livestock, pet cats and dogs, and humans (Williams et al, 1977;MacDonald and Bell, 1980;Benton et al, 1983;Coulson et al, 1983;Tauni and Ö sterlund, 2000;Tizard, 2004). Birds that are transiently infected or carry Salmonella are typically infected with a variety of serotypes that reflect the organisms that they are exposed to in the wild (Quessy and Messier, 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salmonella Enterica Subsp. Enterica in Cattle Egret (Bubulcus Ibis) Chicks From Central Texas: Prevalence, Serotypes, Pathogenicity, and Epizootic Potential

Phalen

Drew

Simpson

et al. 2010

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:Cattle Egrets have a worldwide distribution, feed in proximity to cattle and other domestic animals, and often nest in large colonies in urban woodlots. Over a 3-yr period, nestlings from five Cattle Egret colonies from Central Texas, USA, were surveyed for salmonellosis. Prevalence of infection ranged from 29% to 95%. Seventeen Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotypes were isolated, of which the 4,5,12:i-monophasic serotype predominated in cultures of both the digestive tract and pooled spleen and liver. Of 11 4,5,12:i-monophasic isolates phage typed, eight were determinate type 193. The 4,5,12:i-monophasic isolates were susceptible to all antibiotics tested and were highly invasive in the day-old chick infection model. Microscopic lesions were found in the livers of Cattle Egrets with systemic infections with the 4,5,12:imonophasic serotype, suggesting that infections with this serotype may often be fatal. Twenty-nine serotypes were identified in 179 S. enterica subsp. enterica isolates from horses admitted to the Texas A&M University Veterinary Teaching Hospital in 2 yr following the Cattle Egret study. The 4,5,12:i-monophasic serotype was not isolated from horses, but 12 serotypes were isolated from both horses and Cattle Egrets. The temporal distribution of the horse cases suggested that Cattle Egrets and horses may be exposed to similar sources of Salmonella, but provided no evidence of transmission between these two species. Similar conclusions were drawn when Cattle Egret isolates were compared to isolates from feedlot and dairy cattle from Texas and surrounding states. Given that the Cattle Egret 4,5,12:i-monophasic serotype was highly invasive and other isolates of this serotype have been associated with food poisoning, it is likely that Cattle Egret colonies pose a health risk to humans living near them.

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“…15 Infected wild passerine birds represent also a potentially significant source of S. Typhimurium for nonavian susceptible species, including humans and cats, 24,29,34 and their occurrence in human settlements is also a matter of public health concern. Infection of humans has been suggested to occur either indirectly via infected cats 33 or directly by contact with wild birds and their droppings, respectively. 14 We report for the first time the complete picture of a salmonellosis outbreak in free-ranging passerine birds, which is apparently the largest ever recorded in Switzerland.…”

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confidence: 99%

Epidemic of Salmonellosis in Passerine Birds in Switzerland With Spillover to Domestic Cats

et al. 2012

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A die-off of passerine birds, mostly Eurasian siskins (Carduelis spinus), occurred in multiple areas of Switzerland between February and March 2010. Several of the dead birds were submitted for full necropsy. Bacteriological examination was carried out on multiple tissues of each bird. At gross examination, common findings were light-tan nodules, 1 to 4 mm in diameter, scattered through the esophagus/crop. Histologically, a necroulcerative transmural esophagitis/ingluvitis was observed. Bacterial cultures yielded Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium. At the same time, 2 pet clinics reported an unusual increase of domestic cats presented with fever, anorexia, occasionally dolent abdomen, and history of presumed consumption of passerine birds. Analysis of rectal swabs revealed the presence of S. Typhimurium in all tested cats. PFGE (pulsed field electrophoresis) analysis was performed to characterize and compare the bacterial isolates, and it revealed an indistinguishable pattern between all the avian and all but 1 of the feline isolates. Cloacal swabs collected from clinically healthy migrating Eurasian siskins (during autumn 2010) did not yield S. Typhimurium. The histological and bacteriological findings were consistent with a systemic infection caused by S. Typhimurium. Isolation of the same serovar from the dead birds and ill cats, along with the overlapping results of the PFGE analysis for all the animal species, confirmed a spillover from birds to cats through predation. The sudden increase of the number of siskins over the Swiss territory and their persistency during the whole winter of 2009-2010 is considered the most likely predisposing factor for the onset of the epidemic.

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Outbreak of Salmonella typhimurium in cats and humans associated with infection in wild birds

Cited by 87 publications

References 3 publications

Molecular Epidemiology of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Isolates Determined by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis: Comparison of Isolates from Avian Wildlife, Domestic Animals, and the Environment in Norway

Molecular Epidemiology of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium Isolates Determined by Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis: Comparison of Isolates from Avian Wildlife, Domestic Animals, and the Environment in Norway

Salmonella Enterica Subsp. Enterica in Cattle Egret (Bubulcus Ibis) Chicks From Central Texas: Prevalence, Serotypes, Pathogenicity, and Epizootic Potential

Epidemic of Salmonellosis in Passerine Birds in Switzerland With Spillover to Domestic Cats

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