Outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N8 in November 2016 in Wild Birds in Switzerland

Meier, Simone Martina; Hüssy, Daniela; Hofmann, Martin; Renzullo, Sandra; Vogler, Barbara Renate; Sigrist, Brigitte; Hoop, Richard; Albini, Sarah

doi:10.17236/sat00138

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…), and Africa (Uganda, Congo, South Africa, etc.) [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. Compared to the previous outbreak, this one was more widespread, lasted longer, and caused serious economic losses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Spatial and Temporal Characteristic Analysis and Risk Assessment of Global Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N8 Subtype

An,

Li,

Sun

et al. 2024

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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H5N8 HPAI is a highly infectious avian disease that now poses a serious threat and potential risk to poultry farming, wild birds, and public health. In this study, to investigate the seasonality and transmission directionality of global H5N8 HPAI, the spatial and temporal analysis of H5N8 HPAI was conducted using time series decomposition and directional distribution analysis. An ecological niche model was developed for H5N8 HPAI in poultry to identify areas at high risk of H5N8 HPAI in poultry and associated risk factors. The results indicated that three global pandemics of H5N8 HPAI emerged from 2014 to 2022, all showing a southeast–northwest distribution direction. H5N8 HPAI occurred more frequently in winter and less frequently in summer. The southwestern border region and the southeastern region of North America, the southern region of South America, most of Europe, the southern border region and the northern border region of Africa, and the southwestern region and the southeastern region of Asia provide the suitable environment for the occurrence of H5N8 HPAI in poultry. Chicken density, duck density, population density, bio1 (annual mean temperature), and land cover were considered important variables for the occurrence of H5N8 HPAI in poultry. This study can help optimize the use of resources and provide new information for policymakers to carry out prevention and control efforts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Spatial and Temporal Characteristic Analysis and Risk Assessment of Global Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N8 Subtype

An,

Li,

Sun

et al. 2024

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases

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“…HPAIV H5N8 detected in wild birds during August 2016 in Russia and an almost identical isolate reported in Poland shortly before the primary German outbreak at the beginning of November share over 99% identity throughout all segments with the concurring Ger‐11‐16 reassortant (Beerens et al., 2017; El‐Shesheny et al., 2017; Lee, Sharshov, et al., 2017; Marchenko et al., 2018, 2017; Poen et al., 2018; Pohlmann et al., 2017; Souvestre et al., 2019; Swieton & Smietanka, 2018). Further outbreaks with the equivalent Ger‐11‐16 reassortant were reported in, inter alia , Italy (Fusaro et al., 2017), the Netherlands (Beerens et al., 2017), Czech Republic (Nagy et al., 2018), Switzerland (Meier et al., 2017), France (Guinat et al., 2018) and Poland (Swieton & Smietanka, 2018).…”

Section: /2017: Reassortant Ger‐11–16—h5n8mentioning

confidence: 96%

The genetics of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of subtype H5 in Germany, 2006–2020

King

Harder

Conraths

et al. 2020

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…Recurrent epidemic outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in Europe affected both poultry and wild bird species alike and entailed high mortality and devastating (economic) losses [1]. Rooted in the A/Goose/Guangdong/1/1996 (gs/GD) lineage first detected in China in 1996 [2] and catalyzed by the co-circulation of low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAIV), multiple HPAI H5Nx subtypes and reassortants were identified in Europe in 2016/17 and 2017/2018 [3][4][5][6][7][8]. In winter 2020/2021, novel HPAIV H5N8 reassortants emerged in Europe that again caused high mortality in wild birds and affected poultry holdings [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connect to Protect: Dynamics and Genetic Connections of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Outbreaks in Poultry from 2016 to 2021 in Germany

King¹,

Staubach²,

Lüder³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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During autumn/winter in 2016 – 2017 and 2020 – 2021, highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) caused severe outbreaks in Germany and Europe. Multiple clade 2.3.4.4b H5 HPAI subtypes were responsible for increased mortality in wild birds and high mortality and massive losses in the poultry sector. To clarify putative entry sources and delineate interconnections between outbreaks in poultry holdings and wild birds, we applied whole-genome sequencing and phylodynamic analyses combined with the results of epidemiological outbreak investigations. Varying outbreak dynamics of the distinct reassortants allowed for the identification of individual, putatively wild bird-mediated entries into backyard holdings, several clusters comprising poultry holdings, local virus circulation for several weeks, direct farm-to-farm transmission and potential reassortment within a turkey holding with subsequent spill-over of the novel reassorted virus into the wild bird population. Whole-genome sequencing allowed for allowed for a unique high-resolution molecular epidemiology analysis of HPAIV H5Nx outbreaks, recommended to be used as a standard tool. The presented detailed account of the genetic, temporal and geographical characteristics of the recent German HPAI H5Nx situation emphasizes the role of poultry holdings as an important source of novel genetic variants and reassortants.

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Outbreak of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N8 in November 2016 in Wild Birds in Switzerland

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Spatial and Temporal Characteristic Analysis and Risk Assessment of Global Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N8 Subtype

Spatial and Temporal Characteristic Analysis and Risk Assessment of Global Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N8 Subtype

The genetics of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of subtype H5 in Germany, 2006–2020

Connect to Protect: Dynamics and Genetic Connections of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Outbreaks in Poultry from 2016 to 2021 in Germany

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