“…Primary variables were the compressive strength of masonry over the net area ( f m ), wall height (H), wall length (L), wall thickness (t), depth of the confining elements (h ce ), and wall axial compressive stress over the gross area (axial load) (σ). These variables were selected based on experimental results of confined walls subjected to out-of-plane loads [16,17,19,20,22]. Wall dimensions (H, L) were measured from the longitudinal axes of corresponding confining elements (Figure 4).…”